grammar · medium
易错句子He suffers from smokingism.
正确表达He suffers from nicotine addiction.
后缀 -ism 只在少数固定搭配（如 alcoholism）中表示由特定原因导致的疾病状态，不能随意附加在动词后构成新词。表示吸烟成瘾的标准表达是 nicotine addiction。
后缀，表示状态、情况，尤指由特定原因所致的疾病状态
先理解核心含义，再看它在真实句子里的用法。
后缀，表示状态、情况，尤指由特定原因所致的疾病状态
a suffix forming nouns denoting a state or condition, especially a disease caused by a specific agent
Regular support groups can help people recover from alcoholism.
定期参加互助小组可以帮助人们从酒精中毒中恢复。
用法提示：后缀 -ism 表示因酒精滥用引起的疾病状态。
Improper canning of food can lead to botulism.
不当的食品罐装可能导致肉毒中毒。
用法提示：后缀 -ism 表示由肉毒杆菌毒素引起的疾病状态。
The patient showed early signs of parkinsonism, such as tremors.
患者表现出帕金森综合征的早期迹象，如震颤。
用法提示：后缀 -ism 表示以特定症状为特征的疾病状态。
该模式表示由特定物质或原因引起的疾病状态。
Alcoholism is a chronic disease.
酒精中毒是一种慢性疾病。
grammar · medium
易错句子He suffers from smokingism.
正确表达He suffers from nicotine addiction.
后缀 -ism 只在少数固定搭配（如 alcoholism）中表示由特定原因导致的疾病状态，不能随意附加在动词后构成新词。表示吸烟成瘾的标准表达是 nicotine addiction。
grammar · medium
易错句子The patient was diagnosed with diabetesism.
正确表达The patient was diagnosed with diabetes.
Diabetes 本身即为疾病名称，无需添加 -ism 后缀。后缀 -ism 用于表示由特定原因导致的疾病状态，如 alcoholism，但 diabetes 不适用。
-ism 通常指由特定原因导致的疾病状态，如 alcoholism；而 -osis 泛指任何病态或异常状态，不强调病因。
-ism 表示疾病状态，而 -itis 特指炎症，如 appendicitis 是炎症，不是一般状态。
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