Word
-ism
后缀，表示状态、情况，尤指由特定原因所致的疾病状态
核心释义
a suffix forming nouns denoting a state or condition, especially a disease caused by a specific agent
〔后缀〕:状态；情况:尤指由特定原因所致疾病状态
用法In use
Regular support groups can help people recover from alcoholism.
用法提示：后缀 -ism 表示因酒精滥用引起的疾病状态。
Improper canning of food can lead to botulism.
用法提示：后缀 -ism 表示由肉毒杆菌毒素引起的疾病状态。
The patient showed early signs of parkinsonism, such as tremors.
用法提示：后缀 -ism 表示以特定症状为特征的疾病状态。
noun (cause of disease) + -ism
该模式表示由特定物质或原因引起的疾病状态。
Alcoholism is a chronic disease.
酒精中毒是一种慢性疾病。
常见错误Common mistakes
易错句子He suffers from smokingism.正确表达He suffers from nicotine addiction.
后缀 -ism 只在少数固定搭配（如 alcoholism）中表示由特定原因导致的疾病状态，不能随意附加在动词后构成新词。表示吸烟成瘾的标准表达是 nicotine addiction。
易错句子The patient was diagnosed with diabetesism.正确表达The patient was diagnosed with diabetes.
Diabetes 本身即为疾病名称，无需添加 -ism 后缀。后缀 -ism 用于表示由特定原因导致的疾病状态，如 alcoholism，但 diabetes 不适用。
相关词与表达Connections
易混词Confusing words
词族Word family
- alcoholism
- 酒精中毒 · n.
- autism
- 自闭症 · n.
学习提示Learner notes
语法说明Grammar Note
不能单独使用，需附加在名词或形容词后构成名词
Dictionary facts from AI_FALLBACK, ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.