the vivisection of sth
“of”后接被解剖的生物,是该名词最常见的形式。
The vivisection of animals for scientific research remains highly controversial.
为科学研究对动物进行活体解剖仍然极具争议。
活体解剖
活体解剖;[医] 活体解剖(动物)
the act of performing surgery or other invasive procedures on a living organism for scientific investigation
The act or instance of cutting, surgery, or other invasive treatment of a living organism for the purposes of physiological or pathological scientific investigation.
The professor clearly explained the history of vivisection before the students entered the laboratory.
教授在学生们进入实验室之前清楚地解释了活体解剖的历史。
用法提示:此处 vivisection 为不可数名词,作介词宾语,表示活体解剖这一行为。
Many people believe that vivisection should be replaced by modern computer models whenever possible.
许多人认为,只要有可能,活体解剖就应该被现代计算机模型所取代。
用法提示:此处 vivisection 为不可数名词,作主语,指活体解剖这一做法。
The documentary showed several vivisections that were carried out in the nineteenth century.
这部纪录片展示了十九世纪进行的几次活体解剖。
用法提示:此处 vivisection 用复数形式 vivisections,作宾语,表示具体的活体解剖实例。
“of”后接被解剖的生物,是该名词最常见的形式。
The vivisection of animals for scientific research remains highly controversial.
为科学研究对动物进行活体解剖仍然极具争议。
“on”引出被解剖的对象,比“of”结构更侧重具体操作。
The team performed vivisection on frogs to study their nervous system.
该团队对青蛙进行活体解剖以研究其神经系统。
被动结构强调承受者,常用于描述动物实验中的遭遇。
These dogs were subjected to vivisection without any anesthetic.
这些狗在没有任何麻醉的情况下被活体解剖。
grammar · medium
易错句子Many animal rights groups oppose vivisection to animals.
正确表达Many animal rights groups oppose vivisection of animals.
名词 vivisection 表示“对……的活体解剖”时,后面用介词 of 或 on 引出被解剖的对象,不能用 to。汉语“对动物进行活体解剖”中的“对”不能直接译成 to,所以这里应改为 vivisection of animals。
grammar · medium
易错句子In the anatomy class we did a vivisection on a dead frog.
正确表达In the anatomy class we did a dissection on a dead frog.
vivisection 专指对活着的生物进行解剖实验,对象必须是活体;解剖已死的动物或离体器官要用 dissection。句中的青蛙已死,所以该用 dissection;这是词义选择错误,与单复数无关。
grammar · medium
易错句子The team vivisectioned the mice to study pain.
正确表达The team carried out vivisection on the mice to study pain.
vivisection 只能作名词,不能加 -ed 当动词用。汉语“活体解剖老鼠”可以把名词直接当动词,英语则要用动词短语 carry out / perform vivisection on 来表示这一动作。
dissection 指解剖尸体或离体组织以研究结构,也常用于教学解剖,对象通常是死的或已取出的组织;vivisection 专指对活体动物做实验性手术或解剖,常含伦理争议。若强调对象已死或仅为研究结构,通常用 dissection;若强调活体实验,用 vivisection。英式、美式用法相同。
autopsy 指对死者尸体进行解剖以查明死因,属法医或医学检验;vivisection 的对象是活体,目的是科学实验。尸检用 autopsy(英式英语也常说 post-mortem),活体实验用 vivisection;汉语虽都可能说“解剖”,但两者不能互换。
biopsy 指从活体上取一小块组织做病理诊断,目的是查病;vivisection 指对活体动物做手术或解剖实验,目的是科学研究,且常带伦理争议。临床取样诊断用 biopsy,动物实验用 vivisection。英式、美式用法相同。
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