1
vitiate + noun
常用于指破坏品质或使失效。
The pollution vitiated the water supply.
污染使水源变质。
损害；削弱；降低…的质量
vitiates — third person singular of vitiate
先理解核心含义，再看它在真实句子里的用法。
损害；削弱；降低…的质量
To spoil or reduce the quality, value, or effectiveness of something.
The pollution vitiated the water supply.
污染使水源变质。
损坏,使有缺陷；降低某物的价值、质量或效果
To spoil, make faulty; to reduce the value, quality, or effectiveness of something.
使道德败坏；使堕落。
To debase or morally corrupt.
使无效；使失效。
To make something ineffective, to invalidate.
vitiate
Base
原形
vitiates
3rd person
第三人称单数
vitiating
-ing
现在分词
vitiated
Past
过去式
vitiated
Past participle
过去分词
Such errors vitiate the contract.
此类错误使合同失效。
The fraud vitiated all previous agreements.
欺诈行为使所有先前协议失效。
The new policy has vitiated the original purpose.
新政策已经使原始目的失效。
这是一个规则动词，其过去式和过去分词均为vitiated；常见于正式或法律语境。
A few typing errors vitiate an otherwise well-written email.
几个打字错误损害了一封本来写得很好的电子邮件。
One careless comment vitiated the whole speech for the audience.
一句不经意的评论破坏了整个演讲在听众心中的效果。
Adding sugar after the dish is cooked will only vitiate its delicate flavor.
菜做好后再加糖只会损害它细腻的风味。
常用于指破坏品质或使失效。
The pollution vitiated the water supply.
污染使水源变质。
常用于法律语境，表示因某因素导致无效。
The contract was vitiated by fraud.
该合同因欺诈而失效。
常与effect、validity、value等抽象名词搭配。
His testimony vitiated the credibility of the witness.
他的证词破坏了证人的可信度。
Not this
The unexpected delay caused a vitiation to the project.
Use this
The unexpected delay vitiated the project.
Vitiation是名词形式，但此句需要动词vt. vitiate的过去式vitiated。及物动词vitiate直接接宾语，无需介词to。
Not this
He vitiated the law by speeding.
Use this
He violated the law by speeding.
Vitiate意为使失效或败坏，通常用于合同、质量等抽象事物，而违反法律应用violate。中文学习者常混淆发音相似的vitiate和violate。
Focus on the distinctions below. Other candidates are kept compact until a reliable usage note is available.
使合同无效
Any misrepresentation by the seller may vitiate a contract.
卖方的任何虚假陈述都可能导致合同无效。
使同意无效
Duress can vitiate consent to an agreement.
胁迫可使协议中的同意无效。
使…的效力丧失
A procedural error can vitiate the validity of the entire vote.
程序性错误可能使整个投票的效力丧失。
使证据失效；损害证据的可信度
Mishandling the samples would vitiate the evidence.
不当处理样本会使证据失效。
破坏程序的公正性；使程序失效
Bias on the part of the judge may vitiate the process.
法官的偏见可能破坏程序的公正性。
使遗嘱无效
Undue influence may vitiate a will.
不当影响可能使遗嘱无效。
Use vitiates naturally, then get feedback on meaning, tone, grammar, and phrasing.
Revisit a common error or keep this word in your review list.
联想：viti- 像 vice（恶习），加上 -ate 动词后缀——沾染恶习使品质受损、使事物作废失效。
语域：formal 常见场景：法律或合同文书、学术或正式论述 vitiate 是正式用语，多用于书面或正式场合，常见于法律、学术或抽象论述中，表示“损害”“削弱”或“使无效”；日常口语中较少使用。
真正与 vitiate（/ˈvɪʃieɪt/）押韵的是 initiate 和 officiate：它们的重读音节都是 -tiate 前面的 /ɪ/，韵脚同为 /ɪʃieɪt/。negotiate、associate、appreciate、satiate 也以 -tiate 结尾，但重读元音分别是 /oʊ/、/oʊ/、/iː/、/eɪ/，所以不押韵，只是拼写相似。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.