Word · Frequency #4815
surplus
剩余；过剩
核心释义
an amount that is more than what is needed; excess
- 1.
满足需要或达到限度后剩余之物；过剩；多余。
That which remains when use or need is satisfied, or when a limit is reached; excess; overplus; overage.
- 2.
远超过需要的数量
a quantity much larger than is needed
- 3.
特指国库中任何时候超过政府日常所需之数额。
Specifically, an amount in the public treasury at any time greater than is required for the ordinary purposes of the government.
- 4.
为特定目的拨款后剩余的资金
The remainder of a fund appropriated for a particular purpose.
- 5.
扣除负债、债务(包括股本)后剩余的资产。
assets left after liabilities and debts, including capital stock have been deducted.
结余；盈余；净资产；满足需要或达到限度后剩余之物；过剩；多余。；远超过需要的数量；特指国库中任何时候超过政府日常所需之数额。
用法In use
After the harvest, the farm sold its surplus at the local market.
用法提示：surplus 是名词，指超出需求的剩余物。
The store ended up with a surplus of children's toys after the big sale.
用法提示：a surplus of 是名词短语，表示‘多余的…’。
If you have a surplus of old books, you could give them to the library.
用法提示：surplus 作名词，意为‘过剩、多余’。
a surplus of [sth]
用于表示某物过剩或多余。
The country has a surplus of grain this year.
这个国家今年有粮食剩余。
[sth] is in surplus
表示处于盈余状态。
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- trade surplus
- 贸易顺差
- The country has a large trade surplus with its neighbors.该国与邻国有着巨大的贸易顺差。
- budget surplus
- 预算盈余
- The government announced a budget surplus for the third quarter.政府宣布第三季度预算盈余。
- surplus labor
- 剩余劳动力
- Surplus labor in rural areas moves to cities for jobs.农村的剩余劳动力转移到城市寻找工作。
- surplus value
- 剩余价值
- Marx's theory of surplus value explains capitalist profit.马克思的剩余价值理论解释了资本主义利润。
- agricultural surplus
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
想象'sur'（超过）和'plus'（加），加起来就是超过需要的额外部分，即剩余。
语境与语域Context & Register
[object Object]
语法说明Grammar Note
常用于 a surplus of 结构，表示大量剩余。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
None of these words rhyme with 'surplus' because the stressed vowel /ɝ/ and following sounds /pləs/ are unique. 'Plus' shares the '-plus' spelling but is pronounced with /ʌ/. Other -us words have different stressed vowels.
用法优先级Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 3，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
一起学习词形
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.