1
surplus + noun
The factory sold its surplus goods at a discount.
工厂以折扣价出售了过剩的商品。
多余的；过剩的；剩余的
先理解核心含义，再看它在真实句子里的用法。
多余的；过剩的；剩余的
more than is needed; extra
The factory sold its surplus goods at a discount.
工厂以折扣价出售了过剩的商品。
属于或构成剩余的；超过所需的。
Being or constituting a surplus; more than sufficient.
超过需要、想要或要求的
more than is needed, desired, or required
The bakery gives its surplus bread to a local charity every evening.
面包店每天晚上把多余的面包送给当地的慈善机构。
AI contextual example
We sold our surplus furniture before moving to a smaller apartment.
我们搬进较小的公寓前卖掉了多余的家具。
AI contextual example
She put the surplus clothes in a box for donation.
她把多余的衣服放进箱子里准备捐赠。
AI contextual example
surplus cheese distributed to the needy
剩余的奶酪被分发给贫困者
WordNet
The factory sold its surplus goods at a discount.
工厂以折扣价出售了过剩的商品。
These materials are surplus to our current needs.
这些材料对我们当前的需求来说是多余的。
固定短语，意为‘多余’或‘超出需求’。
Any staff surplus to requirements will be reassigned.
任何多余的员工将被重新分配。
Not this
We have surplus of food.
Use this
We have a surplus of food.
作为形容词时，“surplus”前不加冠词，但“a surplus of”是固定搭配，表示“过剩的……”。中文学习者常受中文“剩余”名词用法影响，遗漏冠词。
Not this
The surplus rain caused flooding.
Use this
The excessive rain caused flooding.
“surplus”表示“剩余的、多余的”，中性；而“excessive”表示“过多的、过度的”，含负面含义。此处强调雨量过多导致灾害，应用“excessive”。
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Includes Synonyms & Antonyms
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多余的食物；剩余食品
The organization distributes surplus food to homeless shelters.
该组织将多余的食物分发给无家可归者收容所。
过剩人口
Some economists worry about a growing surplus population in urban areas.
一些经济学家担心城市地区过剩人口日益增加。
剩余价值
The concept of surplus value is central to Marx's economic theory.
剩余价值的概念是马克思经济理论的核心。
剩余库存；多余存货
The store is selling its surplus stock at a discount.
这家商店正在打折出售剩余库存。
多余设备
The army sold its surplus equipment to the public.
军队向公众出售了多余装备。
剩余劳动力
The factory laid off workers due to surplus labor.
由于劳动力过剩，工厂解雇了工人。
多余的；不再需要的
After the project was cancelled, the supplies were surplus to requirements.
项目取消后，这些物资已经多余而不再需要了。
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sur+plus：听成“sir”再加“plus(多)”，多出来的部分就是surplus(剩余)。
语域：formal 常见场景：business/financial reports、news articles about budgets or commodities、official documents surplus 作形容词表示“多余的、过剩的”，比较常见于书面语、商业、新闻或正式场合；日常口语中较少用，更常说 extra 或 leftover。属于偏正式的表达。
通常置于名词前作定语，或与to连用表示'对...而言多余'。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.