Word · Frequency #10923
substrate
底层；基底；下层
核心释义
An underlying layer; a substratum.
- 1.
底层；地基。
An underlying layer; a substratum.
- 2.
被酶或发酵作用的物质
the substance that is acted upon by an enzyme or ferment
- 3.
铺在围栏底部的衬垫物质。
The substance lining the bottom edge of an enclosure.
- 4.
生物生长或附着的表面
a surface on which an organism grows or is attached
- 5.
被酶等作用的底物。
A substance acted upon, as by an enzyme.
- 6.
位于另一层之下的层
any stratum or layer lying underneath another
- 7.
生物生长的表面,或生物或物品附着的表面。
A surface on which an organism grows, or to which an organism or an item is attached.
- 8.
被另一种语言取代并对其使用者的语言产生影响的语言。
A language that is replaced in a population by another language and that influences the language imposed on its speakers.
- 9.
镀有物理性质不同的另一种金属的金属。
A metal which is plated with another metal which has different physical properties.
- 10.
物质附着的表面。
A surface to which a substance adheres.
底物；酶作用物；基质；附着表面；（容器底部的）垫料；底衬；底层语言；基底语；（被镀的）基底金属；基体
用法In use
The seedlings should be placed on a damp substrate, such as peat moss.
用法提示：substrate 是名词，指供植物生长的底层物质（基质）。
In the aquarium, the substrate is fine sand, which helps the plants take root.
用法提示：substrate 是名词，指水族箱底部供植物固定和生长的介质。
Some orchids prefer to grow on a substrate that drains quickly.
用法提示：substrate 是名词，指兰花附着生长的表面或介质。
the gardener talked about the proper substrate for acid-loving plants
substrate for sth
用于科学语境，表示作用对象。
The enzyme binds to its substrate for catalysis.
酶结合其底物以进行催化。
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- enzyme substrate
- 酶作用底物
- The enzyme substrate complex forms during the reaction.反应过程中会形成酶-底物复合物。
- substrate specificity
- 底物特异性
- Proteases show high substrate specificity.蛋白酶表现出高度的底物特异性。
- substrate concentration
- 底物浓度
- Reaction rate depends on substrate concentration.反应速率取决于底物浓度。
- glass substrate
- 玻璃衬底；玻璃基底
- The film was deposited on a glass substrate.这层薄膜沉积在玻璃基底上。
- natural substrate
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
记：sub-（下）+ strate（层）→ 垫在下面的那层；酶反应中，底物老老实实躺在那层板上任酶作用。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域：formal 常见场景：biochemistry、biology、geology substrate 是正式/专业用语，通常出现在生物化学（酶作用的底物）、生物学（生物附着的表面）或地质学（底层岩层）等学术与科技语境中；日常口语和一般写作中比较少见，使用时显得正式。
语法说明Grammar Note
可数名词，复数形式为 substrates。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
Rhymes with the final -strate /streɪt/: late, state, plate, straight, weight, trait. Note that substrate is /ˈsʌbˌstreɪt/ with primary stress on sub-. Spelling lookalike warning: substance /ˈsʌbstəns/ and substitute /ˈsʌbstɪtuːt/ start with sub- but are pronounced quite differently.
一起学习词形Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.