Word · CEFR C2 · Frequency #9101
subsistence
生存；生计；生活资料
the state of having minimal resources to survive; a means of living
- 1.
Real being; existence.
真实存在；存在。
- 2.
The act of maintaining oneself at a minimum level.
维持最低生活水平的行为。
- 3.
Inherency.
固有性；内在性。
- 4.
Something (food, water, money, etc.) that is required to stay alive.
维持生命所需之物(如食物、水、金钱等)。
- 5.
Embodiment or personification or hypostasis of an underlying principle or quality.
基本原则或品质的体现、化身或实质。
真实存在；存在。；维持最低生活水平的行为。；固有性；内在性。；维持生命所需之物(如食物、水、金钱等)。；基本原则或品质的体现、化身或实质。
In use
Many rural families rely on subsistence farming to feed themselves.
His wages were barely enough for subsistence, leaving nothing for savings.
The refugees struggled to find subsistence in the harsh winter conditions.
subsistence + noun
这种结构表示一种维持生存的方式或活动。
Many rural families practice subsistence farming.
许多农村家庭从事自给农业。
at subsistence level
They live at subsistence level with barely enough food.
他们生活在仅能糊口的水平，食物勉强够用。
means of subsistence
Connections
Collocations
- subsistence farming
- 自给农业
- Many rural communities rely on subsistence farming.许多农村社区依靠自给农业。
- subsistence level
- 生存水平
- They were living at a subsistence level.他们生活在生存水平上。
- subsistence economy
- 生存经济
- The region has a subsistence economy based on hunting and gathering.该地区以狩猎和采集为基础的生存经济。
- subsistence allowance
- 生活津贴
- The government provides a subsistence allowance to the unemployed.政府向失业者提供生活津贴。
- subsistence agriculture
- 生计农业
- Subsistence agriculture is common in developing countries.生计农业在发展中国家很常见。
- subsistence living
Learner notes
Memory Tip
想象一个人仅靠最基本的生活资料生存，‘subsistence’就是‘sub（次等）+sist（坚持）’，勉强维持生计。
Context & Register
语域：formal 常见场景：academic、economics、agriculture 通常用于正式语境，多出现在学术、经济或农业讨论中，描述维持基本生存所需的资源或活动。
Pronunciation & Spelling
These words rhyme with subsistence, all sharing the stressed vowel /ɪ/ and the ending /stəns/. Beware of spelling lookalikes like 'circumstance' (/ˈsɜːrkəmstæns/) which do not rhyme.
Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 1，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, OCTANOVE, WIKTIONARY.