strain + [body part]
表示因用力过度而拉伤肌肉、韧带等，宾语通常是身体部位。
He strained his back while lifting the heavy box.
他搬那个重箱子时拉伤了背。
拉伤；扭伤
straining — present participle of strain
过滤；滤；竭力；过度使用；拉紧；绷紧；曲解；歪曲；使变形
To injure a muscle or part of the body by stretching or pulling it too hard.
通过拉伸施加力。
To apply a force or forces to by stretching out.
因牵拉、拉伸或用力而损伤。
To damage by drawing, stretching, or the exertion of force.
以某种方式作用,使其形状或体积改变,如使梁弯曲。
To act upon, in any way, so as to cause change of form or volume, as when bending a beam.
尽力或挣扎去做某事,尤指过度使用感官或才能。
To exert or struggle (to do something), especially to stretch (one's senses, faculties etc.) beyond what is normal or comfortable.
超出适当限度；在意图或意义上曲解。
To stretch beyond its proper limit; to do violence to, in terms of intent or meaning.
用滤器或漏勺将固体与液体分离。
To separate solid from liquid by passing through a strainer or colander.
渗透；被过滤。
To percolate; to be filtered.
使不安或不自然；费力地做出；强迫；约束。
To make uneasy or unnatural; to produce with apparent effort; to force; to constrain.
强求；催促。
To urge with importunity; to press.
拥抱某人；紧紧抱住某人。
To hug somebody; to hold somebody tightly.
一般现在时
She strains the pasta every time.
她每次都过滤意大利面。
现在进行时
He is straining his eyes to read the small print.
他正使劲眯着眼看小字。
一般过去时
They strained the juice yesterday.
他们昨天过滤了果汁。
规则动词，过去式和过去分词均为strained。
He strained his back while lifting the heavy box.
他搬重箱子时拉伤了背部。
用法提示：strained是strain的过去式，作动词，表示‘因用力过度而拉伤’。
Try not to strain your eyes when reading in the dark.
在黑暗中阅读时，尽量不要让眼睛过度疲劳。
用法提示：strain是动词原形，表示‘因过度使用而损伤’。
She strained her ankle while playing basketball.
她打篮球时扭伤了脚踝。
用法提示：strained是strain的过去式，作动词，表示‘扭伤’。
表示因用力过度而拉伤肌肉、韧带等，宾语通常是身体部位。
He strained his back while lifting the heavy box.
他搬那个重箱子时拉伤了背。
表示竭尽全力做某事，常与 hear、see、reach 等表示感官或动作的动词连用。
She strained to hear the conversation in the next room.
她竭力想听清隔壁房间里的谈话。
表示用滤器把固体与液体分开；out 可加可不加，如 strain out the seeds。
Strain the pasta and return it to the pot.
把意大利面滤干，再放回锅里。
口语中最常用的同义词；常说 pull a muscle，也可说 pull one's back，与 strain 意思最接近。
语气较强，强调突然而猛烈的扭转动作；常用于 back、ankle，较少直接搭配 muscle。
多指关节因旋转而受伤，如 twist an ankle；一般不说 twist a muscle。
严重程度高于 strain，指肌肉纤维或韧带撕裂，医学语境明显。
偏书面/医学，强调拉过头这一动作而非伤情本身；常接 muscle，不如 strain 口语化。
grammar · medium
易错句子He strained to hearing the faint voice.
正确表达He strained to hear the faint voice.
strain 表示“竭力做某事”时后面接动词不定式，to 是不定式符号而不是介词，所以要用动词原形 hear；learners 常把这里的 to 误当介词而接动名词。
grammar · medium
易错句子He sprained a muscle in his back while lifting the box.
正确表达He strained a muscle in his back while lifting the box.
sprain 指扭伤关节或韧带（如脚踝、手腕），肌肉或肌腱过度用力受伤要用 strain；本句宾语是 muscle，所以只能用 strained。
grammar · medium
易错句子Their relationship became strain after the argument.
正确表达Their relationship became strained after the argument.
became 这类系动词后要用形容词作表语；strain 本身是动词、名词，不能直接作表语，须用过去分词 strained（意为“紧张的、不自然的”）充当形容词。
针对 strain 的“拉紧、绷紧”义（如 strain a rope）。loosen 使变松，是直接反义；若 strain 指“过度用力/拉伤”，则不能与 loosen 互换。
针对 strain 的“拉紧、绷紧”义；relax 指减轻紧张或绷紧状态，常可与 loosen 互换，但更侧重消除紧张。
拉伤肌肉
He strained a muscle in his back while lifting weights.
他举重时拉伤了背部肌肉。
费力地听
I strained to hear what they were whispering.
我费力地听他们在小声说什么。
使劲看；用眼过度
Don't strain your eyes reading in the dim light.
不要在昏暗的光线下看书，以免眼睛过度疲劳。
把汤过滤
Strain the soup before serving.
上汤前先把汤过滤一下。
竭尽全力
She strained every nerve to stay calm.
她竭尽全力保持冷静。
竭尽全力
She strained every nerve to finish the project on time.
她竭尽全力按时完成这个项目。
急于做某事；迫不及待
The kids are straining at the leash to go out and play.
孩子们迫不及待地想出去玩。
破例；通融
I'll strain a point and let you in without a ticket.
我就破例让你没票也进去。
慈悲并非勉强而来的；出自《威尼斯商人》，指真正的仁慈是自发流露的，不是被迫的。
He strained his eyes to read the small print.
他瞪大眼睛费力地看那行小字。
滤出蠓虫，却吞下骆驼；出自《马太福音》，讽刺人只计较小事而忽略重大过错。
She strained the pasta before adding the sauce.
她把意大利面沥干后才加上酱汁。
发长 /eɪ/ 音 (如 rain, wait)
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