1
stiffen sth
及物用法，后接名词或代词。
The cold stiffened the fabric.
寒冷使布料变硬了。
使变硬；使僵硬；使顽强；使严厉
stiffens — third person singular of stiffen
先理解核心含义，再看它在真实句子里的用法。
使变硬；使僵硬；使顽强；使严厉
make stiff or stiffer
The cold stiffened the fabric.
寒冷使布料变硬了。
使变硬
To make stiff.
变硬
To become stiff.
stiffen
Base
原形
stiffens
3rd person
第三人称单数
stiffening
-ing
现在分词
stiffened
Past
过去式
stiffened
Past participle
过去分词
The mixture stiffens as it cools.
混合物冷却时变硬。
He stiffened his resolve.
他坚定了决心。
The fabric has stiffened after washing.
布料洗后变硬了。
规则动词
The muscles in his back stiffen after hours of sitting.
坐了几个小时后，他背部的肌肉变得僵硬。
She stiffened the cardboard with glue to make it stronger.
她用胶水把纸板变硬，使其更坚固。
Her resolve stiffened when she heard the news.
听到这个消息后，她的决心变得更加坚定。
及物用法，后接名词或代词。
The cold stiffened the fabric.
寒冷使布料变硬了。
常与介词 with 或 in 连用表示原因。
His muscles stiffened with tension.
他的肌肉因紧张而变得僵硬。
口语中常用，强调变得僵硬。
She stiffened up when she saw him.
她看到他时变得僵硬。
Not this
The cold weather stiff my fingers.
Use this
The cold weather stiffens my fingers.
stiff是形容词，不能直接用作动词。正确的动词形式是stiffen，表示“使变硬”。
Not this
We need to stiffness the material.
Use this
We need to stiffen the material.
stiffness是名词，不能用作动词。要表达“使变硬”应用动词stiffen。
Focus on the distinctions below. Other candidates are kept compact until a reliable usage note is available.
因害怕而僵硬
She stiffened with fear when she heard footsteps behind her.
听到身后的脚步声时，她吓得僵住了。
使肌肉僵硬
The cold weather stiffened his muscles after the run.
寒冷的天气使他的跑步后肌肉变得僵硬。
加强抵抗
The new regulations only stiffened the community's resistance.
新规定反而加强了社区的抵抗。
坚定决心
He stiffened his resolve to quit smoking after the health scare.
在健康恐慌之后，他坚定了戒烟的决心。
加重处罚
The government stiffened penalties for drunk driving.
政府加重了对酒驾的处罚。
绷紧筋肉，鼓起勇气。
Before the battle, the general told his soldiers to stiffen their resolve.
战斗前，将军告诉士兵们要坚定决心。
Use stiffens naturally, then get feedback on meaning, tone, grammar, and phrasing.
Revisit a common error or keep this word in your review list.
stiff（僵硬的）+ en（使）→ 使僵硬。想象冻僵的关节变硬，无法弯曲。
语域：neutral 常见场景：material processing、body movement or sensation、attitude or policy 该词在不同语境下语域变化不大，通常适用于一般描述、技术说明及正式场合，既可用于物理硬化（如胶水、布料），也可用于身体僵硬（如肌肉因寒冷或紧张），还可用于抽象意义的强化（如态度、规定）。
These words end in the spelling '-en' but have different vowel sounds. 'Stiffen' (/ˈstɪfən/) does not rhyme with any of them; the closest vowel matches are 'listen' and 'christen' but the consonant after the vowel differs.
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, OCTANOVE, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.