1
staining of [specimen]
此处的 staining 是不可数名词，指用染料给标本着色的过程或结果。
The staining of the tissue sample revealed the cell nuclei clearly.
组织样本的染色清晰地显示了细胞核。
弄脏；沾污
先理解核心含义，再看它在真实句子里的用法。
弄脏；沾污
the act of spotting or staining something
The staining of the tissue sample revealed the cell nuclei clearly.
组织样本的染色清晰地显示了细胞核。
指使某物沾上污渍或颜色的动作
(组织学)染色；用染料给标本着色以进行显微镜研究
(histology) the use of a dye to color specimens for microscopic study
玷污；染色；弄脏
the act of spotting or staining something
Staining the wood took longer than we had planned.
给木材染色比我们计划的时间长。
Histological staining requires careful preparation of the tissue sample.
组织学染色需要仔细制备组织样本。
The technician avoided staining the glass slide with too much dye.
技术员避免在玻璃载玻片上染太多的染料。
此处的 staining 是不可数名词，指用染料给标本着色的过程或结果。
The staining of the tissue sample revealed the cell nuclei clearly.
组织样本的染色清晰地显示了细胞核。
staining 可直接修饰名词作定语，如 staining technique、staining solution。
The staining technique requires careful temperature control.
这种染色技术需要严格控制温度。
staining 常与 cause、prevent 等动词搭配，表示“导致染色”或“防止染色”。
The dye causes staining of the cell wall.
这种染料会导致细胞壁染色。
Not this
The staining of the cells were completed in ten minutes.
Use this
The staining of the cells was completed in ten minutes.
主语是单数不可数名词staining，而不是紧挨着的复数cells，所以谓语动词应用was。汉语没有主谓一致，学习者容易受cells影响误用were。
Not this
The staining of the sample took long time.
Use this
The staining of the sample took a long time.
time在此处表示一段时间，是可数名词，前面需要不定冠词a；汉语没有冠词，学习者容易漏掉a。
Focus on the distinctions below. Other candidates are kept compact until a reliable usage note is available.
革兰氏染色
Gram staining helps distinguish bacteria by their cell wall properties.
革兰氏染色通过细胞壁的特性帮助区分细菌。
组织染色
Tissue staining reveals the microscopic structure of the sample.
组织染色可显示样本的显微结构。
染色液
The section was immersed in a staining solution for five minutes.
切片在染色液中浸泡了五分钟。
染色步骤
Follow the manufacturer's instructions for the staining procedure.
染色步骤请遵循制造商的说明。
染色模式
The staining pattern indicates the distribution of the target protein.
染色模式显示了目标蛋白的分布情况。
Use staining naturally, then get feedback on meaning, tone, grammar, and phrasing.
Revisit a common error or keep this word in your review list.
想象白衬衫上溅了咖啡，stain渍慢慢扩大，加-ing就是“弄脏/染色”的过程；显微镜切片也要用染料stain标本。
语域：mixed 常见场景：histology、microscopy、household cleaning、laundry staining 作名词时有两个常见含义：一是指组织学中的染色技术（用染料使标本在显微镜下可见），多用于学术或专业语境；二是指弄脏或留下污渍的动作，日常生活中较常用。正式程度随语境不同而变化。
不可数名词，通常用于医学染色
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.