1
shirk + noun
名词常为responsibility, duty, obligation等。
He tried to shirk his responsibilities.
他试图逃避他的责任。
逃避；回避；躲避
先理解核心含义，再看它在真实句子里的用法。
逃避；回避；躲避
To avoid or evade a duty, responsibility, or obligation.
He tried to shirk his responsibilities.
他试图逃避他的责任。
逃避,尤指职责、责任等；避开。
To avoid, especially a duty, responsibility, etc.; to stay away from.
逃避义务；回避履行职责,如逃跑。
To evade an obligation; to avoid the performance of duty, as by running away.
通过小欺诈和欺骗获取；以卑劣的乞求获得。
To procure by petty fraud and trickery; to obtain by mean solicitation.
shirk
Base
原形
shirks
3rd person
第三人称单数
shirking
-ing
现在分词
shirked
Past
过去式
shirked
Past participle
过去分词
He shirks his responsibilities.
他逃避自己的责任。
Yesterday, she shirked her duties.
昨天，她逃避了她的职责。
They have shirked their work all week.
他们整个星期都在逃避工作。
规则动词，过去式和过去分词加-ed
He always shirks his responsibilities when things get difficult.
当事情变得困难时，他总是逃避责任。
She shirked her duty and left early, leaving her teammates to finish the work.
她逃避职责提前离开，让队友们完成剩下的工作。
Stop shirking your fair share of the housework and start helping out!
别再逃避你应分担的家务了，开始帮忙吧！
名词常为responsibility, duty, obligation等。
He tried to shirk his responsibilities.
他试图逃避他的责任。
from后可接名词或动名词，但不如直接及物常用。
She never shirked from hard work.
她从不逃避艰苦的工作。
动名词作宾语，表示逃避做某事。
Don't shirk doing your homework.
别逃避做作业。
Not this
He shirked from his responsibilities.
Use this
He shirked his responsibilities.
“shirk”是及物动词，直接接宾语，不需要介词“from”。中文“逃避”常带“从……”结构，但英语中“shirk”不跟from。
Not this
He is a shirk.
Use this
He is a shirker.
“shirk”作动词，名词形式是“shirker”，表示“逃避责任的人”。不能直接作名词。
Not this
She shirked to do the work.
Use this
She shirked doing the work.
“shirk”后接动名词（doing），不能接不定式（to do）。表示“逃避做某事”。
Focus on the distinctions below. Other candidates are kept compact until a reliable usage note is available.
逃避责任
He never tries to shirk responsibility for his actions.
他从不为自己的行为逃避责任。
逃避职责
She was accused of shirking her duties as a manager.
她被指责逃避作为经理的职责。
逃避工作；偷懒
Some employees shirk work when the manager is away.
有些员工在经理不在时偷懒。
逃避义务
It is unfair to shirk an obligation you agreed to.
逃避你同意的义务是不公平的。
逃避困难的任务
Don't shirk a difficult task just because it is hard.
不要因为任务困难就逃避它。
逃避责任
He was criticized for trying to shirk his duty.
他因试图逃避责任而受到批评。
推卸责任
Don't shirk responsibility for your actions.
不要为你自己的行为推卸责任。
逃避工作；偷懒
She never shirks work, even when others are idle.
她从不逃避工作，即使别人闲着的时候。
Use shirk naturally, then get feedback on meaning, tone, grammar, and phrasing.
Revisit a common error or keep this word in your review list.
记忆联想：shirk 里有 irk（恼怒），逃避职责会惹人恼怒。
语域：neutral 常见场景：workplace、public/official duty、daily conversation shirk 多用于较正式的书面或工作场合，常与 duty、responsibility、work 等搭配，带有“偷懒、逃避”的贬义；口语中更常说 avoid 或 get out of。
及物时接宾语，如 shirk duties；不及物时后常接 from，如 shirk from work
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.