shackle sb/sth to sth
动词用法:本义为用镣铐把某人或某物拴在某处,常用被动语态。
The prisoners were shackled to the cell wall.
囚犯们被镣铐锁在牢房墙上。
束缚;桎梏;镣铐
shackles — plural of shackle
卸扣;U形钩;束缚物
A thing that restricts freedom or movement, such as a fetter or a metaphorical barrier.
A length of cable or chain equal to 121⁄2 fathoms (75 feet or about 22.9 metres), or later to 15 fathoms (90 feet or about 27.4 metres).
The dog was shackled to a post in the yard.
那条狗被拴在院子里的柱子上。
用法提示:shackled 是动词 shackle 的过去分词,表示‘被拴住’,此处为被动语态。
She felt shackled by her fear of speaking in public.
她感到被当众演讲的恐惧所束缚。
用法提示:shackled 作比喻用法,意为‘受束缚’,是动词的过去分词形式。
Outdated systems are shackling the company's ability to grow.
过时的制度正在束缚公司的发展能力。
用法提示:shackling 是动词的现在分词,表示‘束缚、限制’,与 be 动词构成进行时。
动词用法:本义为用镣铐把某人或某物拴在某处,常用被动语态。
The prisoners were shackled to the cell wall.
囚犯们被镣铐锁在牢房墙上。
动词用法:引申义表示受限制、受束缚,主语常为抽象事物。
The company is shackled by debt.
这家公司被债务所束缚。
名词用法:in shackles 常作状语,表示戴着镣铐,也可比喻处于束缚之中。
The prisoner was brought into court in shackles.
那名囚犯戴着镣铐被带进法庭。
较为通用,指用强力、权威或自我控制来阻止行动;shackle 常含具体镣铐的比喻,restrain 不一定有具体物品。
多指受规则、条件或环境所限,不侧重于有形镣铐;语体较正式。
本义为脚镣,比喻用法较正式、文学化;与 shackle 最接近,但更古旧。
强调妨碍进展或行动,不一定含有束缚之意;可用于抽象事物。
grammar · medium
易错句子The prisoner was put in a shackle.
正确表达The prisoner was put in shackles.
shackle 作“镣铐”讲是可数名词,但整套脚镣或手铐由成对的环组成,习惯用复数 shackles,如 in shackles。单数 a shackle 指单个环或U形卸扣,不是整副镣铐。汉语“镣铐”没有单复数区分,所以容易漏掉 -s。
grammar · medium
易错句子The law is a shackle to economic growth.
正确表达The law is a shackle on economic growth.
名词 shackle 表示“束缚物、障碍”时,固定搭配介词 on,即 a shackle on something,强调被限制的对象。汉语“对……的束缚”容易直译成 to,但英语中这里要用 on 来指明束缚在什么上面。
grammar · medium
易错句子The economy is shackled with old regulations.
正确表达The economy is shackled by old regulations.
被动结构中,施动者(造成束缚的人或事物)要用 by 引导;with 只表示工具或伴随状态,如 shackled with chains。把旧法规视为束缚的来源时,必须用 by,对应汉语“被……所束缚”。
对应名词义“束缚(物);桎梏”;freedom 表示不受束缚的状态,与该义相对,不用于机械零件“卸扣”义。
对应动词义“束缚;给…上镣铐”;free 在此作及物动词,表示使摆脱束缚,与 shackle 的“束缚”相对。
shackle 可作名词(镣铐、卸扣)和动词(束缚);fetter 在比喻义上与 shackle 几乎同义,但更正式或文学化,且物理束缚时多指脚镣,常用复数 fetters,而 shackle 更常用,还可指 U 形卸扣。
shackle 作动词时指像上镣铐一样完全限制自由;hamper 只表示阻碍、使事情难以进行,并不一定让人完全失去行动力。
shackle 可泛指任何限制自由的镣铐(脚镣、腕铐),也可指机械上的卸扣;handcuff 专指警察用的手铐,通常用于手腕,且常用复数 handcuffs。
过去的束缚;往日的桎梏
He wanted to free himself from the shackles of the past.
他想摆脱过去的束缚。
摆脱桎梏;挣脱束缚
The country finally threw off the shackles of colonial rule.
这个国家终于摆脱了殖民统治的枷锁。
被……束缚;受……制约
Workers were shackled by strict regulations.
工人们受到严格规章的束缚。
给囚犯戴上镣铐
The police shackled the prisoner.
警察给囚犯戴上了镣铐。
锚卸扣
The anchor shackle was rusted and needed replacing.
锚卸扣生锈了,需要更换。
ackle
ackle
ackle
ackle
ackle
镣铐常由链条构成或与其配套使用,共同表示限制活动自由的装置。
囚犯常被戴上镣铐以限制行动,与束缚这一语义场景密切相关。
镣铐在历史上常与奴役和剥夺自由相联系,构成重要的概念背景。
被镣铐束缚是囚禁状态的常见表现,两者同属限制自由的话题。
传统镣铐多用铁制成,铁在这一语义场中指代束缚工具。
摆脱束缚
She finally threw off the shackles of her strict upbringing.
她终于摆脱了严格教养的束缚。
打破桎梏
The artist broke the shackles of traditional painting.
这位艺术家打破了传统绘画的桎梏。
挣脱束缚
The company is trying to shake off the shackles of outdated regulations.
这家公司正试图挣脱过时法规的束缚。
解开我脚上的锁链,好让我起舞。
He tried to shake off the shackles of his past and start a new life.
他试图挣脱过去的枷锁,开始新的生活。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.
卸扣销
Always check the shackle pin before lifting heavy loads.
提升重物前务必检查卸扣销。