the scruff of sb's neck
scruff 指人或动物的后颈,常用于 the scruff of the/one's neck 结构。
She scratched the scruff of her neck.
她挠了挠后颈。
颈背;后颈
scruffs — plural of scruff
外表不整洁的人;邋遢的人。;某些动物颈后松弛的皮肤。;短须,男性面部的胡茬。
the back side of the neck
外表不整洁的人;邋遢的人。
Someone with an untidy appearance.
某些动物颈后松弛的皮肤。
The loose skin at the back of the neck of some animals.
短须,男性面部的胡茬。
Stubble, facial hair (on males).
The mother cat carried her kitten by the scruff of its neck.
猫妈妈叼着小猫的后颈把它带走。
用法提示:scruff 在这里是名词,指颈背,用于 by the scruff of its neck 这个搭配。
He grabbed the dog by the scruff to pull it away from the road.
他抓住狗的后颈,把它从路上拉开。
用法提示:此处 scruff 作名词,表示后颈,作 by 的宾语。
She gently rubbed the scruff of the old cat while it purred.
她轻轻揉着老猫的后颈,猫舒服地发出呼噜声。
用法提示:scruff 是名词,指颈背,此处作 rubbed 的宾语。
scruff 指人或动物的后颈,常用于 the scruff of the/one's neck 结构。
She scratched the scruff of her neck.
她挠了挠后颈。
这是固定搭配,动词也可用 hold、carry 等,表示抓住或拎起某人/某动物的后颈。
The zookeeper took the lion cub by the scruff of the neck.
动物园管理员抓住小狮子的后颈。
最常用、最中性的词,人和动物均可;scruff 更常指可抓握的颈背皮肉,语气较随便。
描述性短语,比 nape 更直白;如果强调“颈部后方”而非“可抓的松皮”,用这个更保险。
grammar · medium
易错句子He looks scruff.
正确表达He looks scruffy.
scruff 是名词,意为“颈背、后颈”,不能作形容词;描述人衣着不整洁要用形容词 scruffy。
grammar · medium
易错句子She picked up the dog by scruff of neck.
正确表达She picked up the dog by the scruff of the neck.
固定搭配 by the scruff of the neck 中,scruff 和 neck 前都需要定冠词 the;中文没有冠词,所以容易漏掉,但英语中这些 the 不能省。
grammar · medium
易错句子He grabbed the cat on the scruff of the neck.
正确表达He grabbed the cat by the scruff of the neck.
表示“抓住某个部位”时要用介词 by,表示“通过、凭借”这一部位;on 表示“在……上面”,不符合这个动作的搭配。
针对名词义项“颈背/后颈”(the back side of the neck)。scruff 特指颈后部或动物颈后松弛的皮肤,throat 指颈前部/喉部;二者在身体前后位置上是相对概念,但 scruff 强调后侧外部,throat 侧重前侧及内部结构,不能随意互换。
nape 与 scruff 同义,都指颈后部,但 nape 是标准用语,可直接说 the nape(或 the nape of the neck);scruff 更侧重抓动物或人后颈时的那块皮肉,常说 grab/take someone by the scruff of the neck。
scruff 与 scuff 拼写和读音相近,但词义完全不同:scruff 是名词,指颈背;scuff 常作动词,指在行走时摩擦地面而刮伤或磨损鞋、地板等,也可指这种磨损痕迹。
颈背;后颈
There was a small cut on the scruff of his neck.
他的颈背上有一道小伤口。
(抓住)后颈;拎着颈背
The mother cat carried her kitten by the scruff of the neck.
母猫叼着小猫的后颈。
抓住某人的后颈
She grabbed the puppy by the scruff of the neck.
她抓住小狗的后颈。
拎起某人的后颈
He picked up the rabbit by the scruff of the neck.
他抓住兔子的后颈,把它拎了起来。
抓住动物颈背时常用项圈或衣领,与scruff的抓握场景相关。
动物后颈处的皮毛常被称为scruff,二者常在描述抓取动作时同现。
人们常抓小狗的后颈来移动它,scruff就是这个部位。
与puppy类似,猫的后颈也常被称作scruff。
常与scruff搭配表示“抓住颈背”,如grip by the scruff。
抓住(某人或动物的)后颈;牢牢控制(某人或某物)
She grabbed the puppy by the scruff of the neck to stop it from running into the road.
她揪住小狗的后颈,防止它跑到马路上。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.