Word · CEFR B2 · Frequency #5023
scratch
挠;搔;抓(痒)
核心释义
To rub a part of your body with your nails, claws, etc., especially to stop an itch.
- 1.
用尖锐物体摩擦表面,尤指生物用指甲、爪子等挠痒。
To rub a surface with a sharp object, especially by a living creature to remove itching with nails, claws, etc.
- 2.
用粗糙的材料摩擦皮肤引起刺激感;导致瘙痒。
To rub the skin with rough material causing a sensation of irritation; to cause itching.
- 3.
用尖锐物体在表面留下划痕。
To mark a surface with a sharp object, thereby leaving a scratch (noun).
- 4.
获得这样的划痕。
To get such scratches.
- 5.
在页面上划掉、删除某些文字。
To cross out, strike out, strike through some text on a page.
- 6.
通过来回移动黑胶唱片并操控交叉推子在唱盘上产生独特声音。
To produce a distinctive sound on a turntable by moving a vinyl record back and forth while manipulating the crossfader (see also scratching).
- 7.
在台球中犯规,如母球进袋或跳出台面。
To commit a foul in pool, as where the cue ball is put into a pocket or jumps off the table.
- 8.
匆忙或笨拙地写或画;潦草书写。
To write or draw hastily or awkwardly; scrawl.
- 9.
用爪子挖掘。
To dig or excavate with the claws.
- 10.
用爪子或指甲挖或刮(某人的皮肤)以自卫或故意伤害。
To dig or scrape (a person's skin) with claws or fingernails in self-defense or with the intention to injure.
- 11.
宣布退出先前报名参加的体育赛事,通常是为了参加同一赛会的另一项目。
To announce one's non-participation in a race or sports event part of a larger sports meeting that one was previously signed up for, usually in lieu of another event at the same meeting.
划花;划出痕迹;抓伤;挠伤;划掉;删去;勾掉;退赛;退出(比赛);潦草地写;乱涂
用法In use
The cat is scratching the door.
用法提示:这里 scratching 是现在分词,表示'抓挠'。
He scratched his arm where the mosquito bit him.
用法提示:这里 scratched 是过去式,表示'挠痒'。
We had to scratch the whole plan.
用法提示:这里 scratch 是动词原形,跟在 had to 后,表示'取消'。
scratch sth
scratch 作及物动词时直接跟被挠或被划的部位、物品,如 scratch one's head(挠头)、scratch the itch(挠痒)。
She scratched the mosquito bite until it bled.
她把蚊子咬的包挠到出血。
scratch at sth
at 后接被反复抓挠的表面或物体,多指动物用爪子或用指甲抓。
The puppy scratched at the door to be let in.
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- scratch an itch
- 挠痒
- He scratched the itch on his arm.他挠了挠胳膊上发痒的地方。
- scratch out
- 划掉
- Please scratch out the wrong word and write the correct one.请划掉错误的单词并写下正确的。
- scratch a record
- 刮唱片
- The DJ scratched a record live on stage.DJ 在舞台上现场刮唱片。
- scratch at the door
- 抓门
- The cat scratched at the door until I let her in.猫一直抓门,直到我放它进来。
- scratch your car
- 划花汽车
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
记 scratch:词里有 rat(老鼠),猫抓老鼠,挠出划痕——挠、划、抓伤都靠它。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域:neutral 常见场景:日常对话、一般书面叙述、描述皮肤发痒或动物挠痒 作动词表示‘挠痒’或用爪抓时,通常用于日常口语和一般书面语,语气自然中性。若指在表面划出痕迹,也多见于日常描述。正式学术文体中较少直接使用该词。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
These words all rhyme with scratch, sharing the stressed vowel and following sounds /ætʃ/. Note that spellings like 'stretch' (/stretʃ/) or 'screech' (/skriːtʃ/) look similar but do not rhyme with scratch.
高价值词汇High-value vocabulary
该词属于 Oxford 核心词汇,值得优先掌握常见搭配和句型。
用法优先级Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 2,建议结合例句记忆,而不是只背中文释义。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.