scrape sth off/from sth
off/from 引出被刮掉的东西的来源或附着面。
He scraped the ice off the windshield.
他把挡风玻璃上的冰刮掉。
刮；擦；刮掉；擦掉
scraped — past of scrape
擦伤；刮坏；蹭破；勉强得到；费力凑集；抓取；爬取；刺耳地拉（小提琴等）；（行礼时）把脚向后蹭地
to rub or drag a hard object across a surface, especially to remove something
用力沿着某物拖动(尤其是尖锐或有棱角的物体)
To draw (an object, especially a sharp or angular one), along (something) while exerting pressure.
通过沿着这种方式拉动物体来去除(某物)。
To remove (something) by drawing an object along in this manner.
通过在表面上摩擦而受伤或损坏。
To injure or damage by rubbing across a surface.
勉强设法实现或达到。
To barely manage to achieve or attain.
收集或聚集,尤其不考虑所选质量
To collect or gather, especially without regard to the quality of what is chosen.
通过自动化手段从非机器可读格式中提取数据,如截图或格式化网页
To extract data by automated means from a format not intended to be machine-readable, such as a screenshot or a formatted web page.
艰难地从事获取
To occupy oneself with getting laboriously.
笨拙且不和谐地拉小提琴或类似乐器
To play awkwardly and inharmoniously on a violin or similar instrument.
行礼时将右脚沿地面或地板向后拖
To draw back the right foot along the ground or floor when making a bow.
通过在地板上来回拖动脚来表示不满或让演讲者安静下来；通常与“down”连用
To express disapprobation of (a play, etc.) or to silence (a speaker) by drawing the feet back and forth upon the floor; usually with down.
一般现在时
I scrape the ice off the windshield.
我刮掉挡风玻璃上的冰。
一般过去时
He scraped his knee when he fell.
他摔倒时擦伤了膝盖。
现在完成时
She has scraped together enough money.
她已经凑足了钱。
规则动词，过去式和过去分词加-ed。
He scraped the mud off his boots before entering the house.
进屋前，他把靴子上的泥刮掉了。
用法提示：此处“scraped”作动词，意为用工具刮去表面附着物。
She scraped her knee when she fell off the bicycle.
她从自行车上摔下来，擦伤了膝盖。
用法提示：此处“scraped”作动词，表示皮肤与粗糙表面摩擦导致的擦伤。
I need to scrape the old paint from the window frame before repainting.
重新粉刷前，我需要刮掉窗框上的旧漆。
用法提示：此处“scrape”作动词，指用工具去除表面旧涂层。
off/from 引出被刮掉的东西的来源或附着面。
He scraped the ice off the windshield.
他把挡风玻璃上的冰刮掉。
不及物用法，表示某物摩擦、刮过另一表面。
The chair scraped against the floor.
椅子在地板上刮擦作响。
表示“勉强通过”，常与考试、难关等搭配。
She scraped through the final exam.
她勉强通过了期末考试。
表示费力凑集、积攒，together/up 可换用。
They scraped together enough money to pay the deposit.
他们勉强凑够了付押金的钱。
scratch 常指用尖物划出痕迹，scrape 更强调刮掉表层
rub 侧重来回摩擦，不一定有刮除动作
grate 通常用于将食物擦成丝，引申义也指发出刺耳声
rasp 指用粗糙工具打磨，动作较粗重
scour 强调用力擦洗使表面干净，常配合清洁剂
grammar · medium
易错句子I scraped the exam and still passed.
正确表达I scraped through the exam and still passed.
表示“勉强通过考试”时，scrape 必须与 through 搭配，构成 scrape through (sth)；此义项下 scrape 不能直接带考试作宾语，说 scrape the exam 句意不成立。
grammar · medium
易错句子The cat scraped my hand with its claws.
正确表达The cat scratched my hand with its claws.
猫爪、指甲这类尖物划出的痕迹要用 scratch（抓、划）；scrape 强调把坚硬或有棱角的东西贴着表面用力拖动，被爪尖抓伤不属于 scrape，用错会改变受伤方式。
grammar · medium
易错句子He scraped money from his friends to buy a bike.
正确表达He scraped together money from his friends to buy a bike.
表示“勉强凑集（钱、人手等）”时，scrape 后面要加 together 或 up，构成 scrape together/up sth；只说 scrape money 不表示“凑集”，句意不完整。
动词义：刮、擦；反义为使表面光滑
scratch 指用指甲或尖物在表面留下细痕，常是抓痒或轻微划伤；scrape 指用硬物贴着表面用力拖动，把表层刮掉或蹭坏。皮肤蹭破、刮掉油漆用 scrape，猫抓、挠痒、划一道细痕用 scratch。
scrap 作动词是“废弃、取消（计划、制度等）”，与 scrape 拼写只差一个字母，但意思无关。表示取消计划用 scrap，表示刮、擦用 scrape。
scrub 强调用刷子加清洁剂反复擦洗以去污，目的在清洁；scrape 强调用硬物把表面附着物刮下来，可能损伤表面。刷锅擦地多用 scrub，刮掉焦糊或墙皮多用 scrape。
刮掉，擦掉
She scraped off the old paint with a knife.
她用刀刮掉了旧油漆。
勉强凑集
They managed to scrape together enough money for a deposit.
他们设法勉强凑够了定金。
勉强通过
He just scraped through his final exams.
他勉强通过了期末考试。
勉强糊口
Many farmers scrape a living from the poor soil.
许多农民靠贫瘠的土地勉强糊口。
刮去，擦去
She scraped away the burnt bits from the toast.
她刮去了吐司上烤焦的部分。
勉强维持生计
With such low wages, they could barely scrape by.
工资这么低，他们几乎难以糊口。
勉强通过（考试等）
He scraped through the exam with a 60.
他以60分勉强通过了考试。
勉强凑集（钱等）
She managed to scrape together enough money for the trip.
她勉强凑够了旅行的钱。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.
退而求其次，使用最后一招
When he hired that incompetent assistant, he was really scraping the bottom of the barrel.
他雇佣那个不称职的助手时，真是退而求其次了。