1
vi. rasp (on/against) sth
该用法为不及物动词，常与against或on连用。
The branch rasped against the window.
树枝摩擦窗户发出刺耳声。
粗声粗气地说
rasped — past of rasp
先理解核心含义，再看它在真实句子里的用法。
粗声粗气地说
to say something in a rough, irritated voice
The branch rasped against the window.
树枝摩擦窗户发出刺耳声。
用锉刀锉。
To use a rasp.
发出类似锉刀使用时的声音；发出刺耳声。
To make a noise similar to the one a rasp makes in use; to utter rasps.
用沙哑的声音说。
To say in a raspy voice.
用锉刀刮擦
scrape with a rasp
rasp
Base
原形
rasps
3rd person
第三人称单数
rasping
-ing
现在分词
rasped
Past
过去式
rasped
Past participle
过去分词
He rasps every word when he is angry.
他生气时每个字都粗声粗气地说。
She rasped the wood smooth with a file.
她用锉刀把木头锉光滑了。
The metal is rasping against the stone.
金属正在石头上发出刺耳的摩擦声。
规则动词，过去式和过去分词为 rasped，现在分词为 rasping；作动词表示用锉刀锉或发出刺耳声。
The boss rasped an order at the startled assistant.
老板粗声粗气地向受惊的助理下了一道命令。
She rasped, “I am too tired to argue.”
她粗声粗气地说：“我太累了，不想吵架。”
He rasped a warning through the locked door.
他隔着锁着的门粗声粗气地发出了警告。
该用法为不及物动词，常与against或on连用。
The branch rasped against the window.
树枝摩擦窗户发出刺耳声。
表示用刺耳而不耐烦的声音说话，out可省略。
He rasped out a warning.
他粗声粗气地发出警告。
作及物动词，意为用粗锉刀锉掉或锉平某物。
The craftsman rasped the rough edges.
工匠用粗锉刀锉掉粗糙的边缘。
作名词时既可指粗锉刀，也可指刺耳的摩擦声。
The rasp of the saw kept me awake.
锯子的刺耳声让我睡不着。
Not this
He spoke in a rasp voice.
Use this
He spoke in a raspy voice.
rasp 是名词或动词，作定语修饰 voice 时应用形容词 raspy（或 rasping），不可用名词直接修饰。
Not this
He rasped to me to leave.
Use this
He rasped at me to leave.
表示“粗声粗气地对某人说”，rasp 作不及物动词时搭配 at，不用 to；to 是受 say to 影响的典型迁移错误。
Not this
She spoke with rasp.
Use this
She spoke with a rasp.
表示“沙哑的嗓音”时 rasp 是可数名词，常用单数 a rasp；受汉语无冠词影响易漏掉 a。
Focus on the distinctions below. Other candidates are kept compact until a reliable usage note is available.
粗声粗气地说出
He rasped out a few words of thanks.
他粗声粗气地说了几句感谢的话。
对某人粗声粗气地说
"Stop it!" she rasped at the children.
“别闹了！”她粗声粗气地对孩子们说。
粗声粗气地下命令
The general rasped an order to the waiting soldiers.
将军粗声粗气地向等候的士兵下达命令。
对着电话粗声说
"Where are you?" he rasped into the phone.
“你在哪儿？”他对着电话粗声说。
Use rasped naturally, then get feedback on meaning, tone, grammar, and phrasing.
Revisit a common error or keep this word in your review list.
联想：粗锉刀（rasp）锉木板发出刺耳声，人这样说话就是‘粗声粗气地说’。
语域：mixed 常见场景：文学/叙事作品、讲述性口语 作“粗声粗气地说”讲时，rasp 比较常见于书面叙事或人物话语描写，多用来表现生气或不耐烦的语气；日常口语中单独使用较少，常用 say/snarl 等替代。
与 rasp /ræsp/ 押韵（以 /æsp/ 结尾）：gasp、clasp、grasp、asp。注意 raspberry 拼写以 rasp 开头，但读作 /ˈræzˌbɛri/，元音和尾音不同；wasp 拼写相近，但读作 /wɑːsp/，元音不同，也不押韵。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.