1
the pituitary
作名词时通常用 the pituitary 指脑垂体；复数形式 pituitaries 较少见。
The pituitary is located at the base of the brain.
脑垂体位于大脑底部。
脑垂体；垂体
先理解核心含义，再看它在真实句子里的用法。
脑垂体；垂体
the master gland of the endocrine system, located at the base of the brain
The pituitary is located at the base of the brain.
脑垂体位于大脑底部。
垂体；有时包括垂体柄。
The pituitary gland; sometimes including together with the pituitary stalk.
垂体提取物。
An extract from the pituitary gland.
The pituitary is a small gland at the base of the brain.
脑垂体是大脑底部的一个小腺体。
The doctor ordered a scan to check her pituitary.
医生安排了一项扫描来检查她的脑垂体。
Damage to the pituitary can affect a person's growth.
脑垂体受损会影响人的生长。
作名词时通常用 the pituitary 指脑垂体；复数形式 pituitaries 较少见。
The pituitary is located at the base of the brain.
脑垂体位于大脑底部。
作形容词时放在名词前，pituitary gland 是最常见的搭配。
The pituitary gland releases hormones that control growth.
脑垂体释放控制生长的激素。
Not this
Pituitary is located at base of brain.
Use this
The pituitary is located at the base of the brain.
英语中谈论身体中的特定腺体（如脑垂体）时要用定冠词the，但汉语没有冠词，学习者容易漏掉。加上the后，名词指代具体明确，句子才符合英语习惯。
Not this
The pituitary secrete hormones that regulate growth.
Use this
The pituitary secretes hormones that regulate growth.
一般现在时中，主语the pituitary是第三人称单数，谓语动词必须用第三人称单数形式secretes。汉语没有动词词形变化，因此学习者常漏掉-s，但英语中这是必需的。
Focus on the distinctions below. Other candidates are kept compact until a reliable usage note is available.
脑垂体
The pituitary gland produces hormones that control growth.
脑垂体产生控制生长的激素。
垂体肿瘤
A pituitary tumor can affect hormone production.
垂体肿瘤会影响激素分泌。
垂体前叶
The anterior pituitary secretes several important hormones.
垂体前叶分泌几种重要激素。
垂体后叶
The posterior pituitary stores and releases oxytocin.
垂体后叶储存并释放催产素。
垂体激素
Growth hormone is a pituitary hormone.
生长激素是一种垂体激素。
垂体手术
Pituitary surgery is sometimes needed to remove a tumor.
有时需要通过垂体手术切除肿瘤。
Use pituitary naturally, then get feedback on meaning, tone, grammar, and phrasing.
Revisit a common error or keep this word in your review list.
把 pitu 记成 pit（坑），垂体就藏在脑底的小坑里，是内分泌的总指挥。
语域：formal 常见场景：medical report、anatomy textbook、clinical discussion 该词作名词时指脑垂体，作形容词时表示“垂体的”；两种用法通常出现在医学、生物学等正式语境，口语中较少单独使用。比较常见于 pituitary gland 这类医学术语搭配。
military、sanitary 与 pituitary 都拼作 -itary，末尾英音均为 /ɪtəri/，可对照记忆；但它们重音都在第一个音节，而 pituitary 在第二个音节，所以不押韵。tuition、tutor 与 pituitary 都含 /tjuː/ 音，但拼写和结尾不同，尤其 tuition 的重音在 /ɪ/ 上，不要受 -tary 拼写干扰。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.