Word · Frequency #10977
phoneme
音素；音位
one of a small set of speech sounds that are distinguished by the speakers of a particular language
- 1.
An indivisible unit of sound in a given language. A phoneme is an abstraction of the physical speech sounds (phones) and may encompass several different phones.
特定语言中不可再分的声音单位。音素是对物理语音(音素)的抽象,可能包含多个不同的音素。
- 2.
(linguistics) one of a small set of speech sounds that are distinguished by the speakers of a particular language
(语言学)特定语言使用者区分的一小组语音之一
特定语言中不可再分的声音单位。音素是对物理语音(音素)的抽象,可能包含多个不同的音素。；(语言学)特定语言使用者区分的一小组语音之一；音素；音位；[计] 音素
In use
In English, the /p/ and /b/ sounds are different phonemes.
Linguists study how each phoneme changes in different dialects.
A single phoneme can be pronounced in several different ways.
a phoneme
phoneme 是可数名词，复数形式为 phonemes。
A phoneme is the smallest unit of sound in a language.
音素是语言中最小的语音单位。
the phoneme /…/
讨论具体音素时，通常用斜线 / / 将符号括起来。
The phoneme /p/ is pronounced with a puff of air in English.
在英语中，音素 /p/ 发音时带有一次送气。
the phonemes of + a language
表示“某种语言的音素”时，用 the phonemes of + 语言名。
Connections
Collocations
- phoneme inventory
- 音位清单
- The phoneme inventory of Hawaiian is small.夏威夷语的音位清单很小。
- vowel phoneme
- 元音音位
- English has more vowel phonemes than Spanish.英语的元音音位比西班牙语的多。
- consonant phoneme
- 辅音音位
- The contrast is between two consonant phonemes.这个对比发生在两个辅音音位之间。
- phoneme segmentation
- 音位切分
- Children practice phoneme segmentation in kindergarten.孩子们在幼儿园练习音位切分。
- phoneme deletion
- 音位删除
- Phoneme deletion is a common task in phonological tests.音位删除是语音测试中的常见任务。
Synonyms
Learner notes
Memory Tip
记忆联想：phoneme 像 phone（声音）+ me，声音的最小单位就是音素/音位。
Context & Register
语域：formal 常见场景：语言学论文、语音学教材、高校语言学课堂 “phoneme”是语言学（特别是语音学与音系学）的专业术语，通常出现在学术论文、教材和课堂讲解中，日常口语对话很少用到。
Pronunciation & Spelling
No common words rhyme with /ˈfoʊnim/. Among the lookalikes above, theme, scheme, extreme, and supreme rhyme with one another (stressed /iːm/), but phoneme has stress on /foʊ/, so it does not rhyme with them. Morpheme and grapheme, like phoneme, are stressed on the first syllable and end in /fiːm/, not /niːm/, so they are not rhymes either. Use them to remember the -eme spelling, not the sound.
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.