Word · Frequency #14457
penultimate
倒数第二的
penultimate
- 1.
Of or pertaining to a penult.
倒数第二个音节的。
倒数第二个音节的。
In use
The penultimate chapter of the book reveals the killer.
She finished in penultimate place in the race.
This is the penultimate episode of the season; the finale airs next week.
the penultimate + noun
penultimate 通常放在名词前作定语。
This is the penultimate chapter of the book.
这是这本书的倒数第二章。
be + penultimate
作表语时也可用,但不如作定语常见。
The last episode of the season is exciting, but the penultimate one is even better.
本季最后一集很精彩,但倒数第二集更好看。
Common mistakes
After this task, we are finished; this is the penultimate step.After this task, we are finished; this is the last step.
“Penultimate”意为“倒数第二的”(next to the last),并非“最后的”。若要表达“最后一步”,应使用“last”或“final”。这里语境说明此后没有其他任务,所以应说“last step”。
The penultimate of the list is a red apple.The penultimate item on the list is a red apple.
“Penultimate”是形容词,不能单独用作名词。表示“列表中的倒数第二项”时,需在其后加上被修饰的名词(如“item”),并使用“on the list”来构成短语。
Connections
Collocations
- penultimate chapter
- 倒数第二章
- The mystery is solved in the penultimate chapter.谜底在倒数第二章揭晓。
- penultimate episode
- 倒数第二集
- Don't miss the penultimate episode of the series.别错过这部系列的倒数第二集。
- penultimate paragraph
- 倒数第二段
- The main idea appears in the penultimate paragraph.主要观点出现在倒数第二段。
- penultimate step
- 倒数第二步
- The penultimate step is to check your answers.倒数第二步是检查你的答案。
- penultimate sentence
- 倒数第二句
- She emphasized the penultimate sentence of the speech.她强调了演讲的倒数第二句。
Pop culture & quotes
Learner notes
Memory Tip
联想:ultimate 是‘最后’,前面加 pen(钢笔)——钢笔排在最后一名前面,就是‘倒数第二’。
Context & Register
语域:mixed 常见场景:学术写作、正式报告、日常讨论顺序 “penultimate”表示“倒数第二的”,多用于正式或学术语境,如学术写作、正式报告;在日常讨论顺序(例如说“倒数第二集”)时也会出现。通常作定语放在名词前,语气较书面。
Pronunciation & Spelling
真正押韵的词是 ultimate(若读作 /ˈʌltɪmɪt/,其重读元音 /ʌ/ 及之后音素与 penultimate 一致)。intimate、estimate、legitimate 虽都以 -timate 结尾,但重读元音分别是 /ɪ/、/e/、/ɪ/,并不押韵,只属拼写易混的近形词。
Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 1,建议结合例句记忆,而不是只背中文释义。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.