Word · Frequency #16907
meningitis
脑膜炎
核心释义
Infectious disease with inflammation of the meninges (membranes around the brain and spinal cord), usually caused by bacterial infection.
- 1.
脑膜炎症,特征为头痛、颈项强直、畏光,以及发热、寒战、呕吐和肌痛。
Inflammation of the meninges, characterized by headache, neck stiffness and photophobia and also fever, chills, vomiting and myalgia.
- 2.
以脑膜(包裹大脑或脊髓的组织)发炎为特征的传染病,通常由细菌感染引起；症状包括头痛、颈强直、发热和恶心。
infectious disease characterized by inflammation of the meninges (the tissues that surround the brain or spinal cord) usually caused by a bacterial infection; symptoms include headache and stiff neck and fever and nausea
脑膜炎症,特征为头痛、颈项强直、畏光,以及发热、寒战、呕吐和肌痛。；以脑膜(包裹大脑或脊髓的组织)发炎为特征的传染病,通常由细菌感染引起；症状包括头痛、颈强直、发热和恶心。；脑膜炎；[医] 脑[脊]膜炎
用法In use
The doctor suspected meningitis because the child had a high fever and a stiff neck.
用法提示：句中 meningitis 为不可数名词，作 suspected 的宾语，指脑膜炎这种疾病。
Bacterial meningitis can be serious, but early treatment with antibiotics greatly improves the chances of recovery.
用法提示：meningitis 前有形容词 bacterial 修饰，作句子的主语，表示细菌性脑膜炎这一类型。
Vaccination offers strong protection against several types of meningitis.
用法提示：meningitis 作介词 against 的宾语，指脑膜炎疾病本身。
be diagnosed with [disease]
The baby was diagnosed with meningitis after several days of fever.
婴儿发烧几天后被诊断出患有脑膜炎。
[disease] is caused by [agent]
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- bacterial meningitis
- 细菌性脑膜炎
- Bacterial meningitis requires immediate hospital treatment.细菌性脑膜炎需要立即住院治疗。
- viral meningitis
- 病毒性脑膜炎
- Most people with viral meningitis recover without specific treatment.大多数病毒性脑膜炎患者无需特殊治疗即可康复。
- meningitis vaccine
- 脑膜炎疫苗
- The meningitis vaccine is recommended for college students living in dormitories.建议住宿舍的大学生接种脑膜炎疫苗。
- contract meningitis
- 感染脑膜炎
- He contracted meningitis while traveling in West Africa.他在西非旅行时感染了脑膜炎。
- meningitis rash
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
谐音联想：men（男人）in（进来）——细菌钻进脑膜引发炎症，即脑膜炎。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域：neutral 常见场景：医疗场景、健康新闻、日常健康话题 该词是医学术语，但多用于日常新闻和健康讨论，也出现在正式医疗文书中；日常口语虽不常用，但并不算生僻。
语法说明Grammar Note
复数形式为 meningitides。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
以上六词均以 -itis 结尾，且与 meningitis 押韵：重读音节为 /aɪ/，后接 /təs/。注意形近词 meninges /məˈnɪndʒiːz/（脑膜）和 meningeal /ˌmɛnɪnˈdʒiːəl/（脑膜的）拼写相似，但发音完全不同。
用法优先级Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 1，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
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Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.