Word · Frequency #15526
lichen
地衣
a plant-like organism that grows on rocks or trees
不是苔藓（moss）。
- 1.
Any of many symbiotic organisms, being associations of algae and fungi, often found as white or yellow-to-blue–green patches on rocks, old walls, etc.
由藻类和真菌结合而成的共生生物,常呈白色或黄至蓝绿色斑块,附着于岩石、旧墙等表面。
- 2.
any of several eruptive skin diseases characterized by hard thick lesions grouped together and resembling lichens growing on rocks
以坚硬厚实的病变为特征的皮肤病,类似于岩石上的地衣
- 3.
Something which gradually spreads across something else, causing damage.
逐渐蔓延并造成损害的事物。
- 4.
any thallophytic plant of the division Lichenes; occur as crusty patches or bushy growths on tree trunks or rocks or bare ground etc.
地衣类植物；以树干、岩石或裸露地面上的结壳斑块或灌木状生长形式出现
苔藓病；苔癣；由藻类和真菌结合而成的共生生物,常呈白色或黄至蓝绿色斑块,附着于岩石、旧墙等表面。；以坚硬厚实的病变为特征的皮肤病,类似于岩石上的地衣；逐渐蔓延并造成损害的事物。；地衣类植物；以树干、岩石或裸露地面上的结壳斑块或灌木状生长形式出现
In use
The dermatologist explained that the rash on her neck was a common form of lichen, not an allergy.
After using the prescribed ointment for two weeks, the lichen on his hands had almost disappeared.
Some forms of lichen are thought to be triggered by stress, though the exact cause is unknown.
be covered in/with lichen
表示物体表面被地衣覆盖时常用 be covered in/with lichen；in 强调覆盖状态，with 引出覆盖物。
The old gravestones were covered with lichen.
这些旧墓碑上覆盖着一层地衣。
lichens grow on [something]
lichen 表示“地衣”时通常为不可数名词；复数 lichens 用于指不同种类或分散生长的多片地衣。
Lichens grow on bare rock, tree bark, and even on walls.
地衣长在裸露的岩石、树皮甚至墙壁上。
Connections
Collocations
- crustose lichen
- 壳状地衣
- Crustose lichens cling tightly to bare rock surfaces.壳状地衣紧贴在裸露的岩石表面。
- foliose lichen
- 叶状地衣
- Foliose lichens often grow in circular patches on tree trunks.叶状地衣常在树干上呈圆形斑块生长。
- fruticose lichen
- 枝状地衣
- Reindeer eat fruticose lichens in the Arctic winter.驯鹿在北极冬季以枝状地衣为食。
- lichen-covered rock
- 地衣覆盖的岩石
- We stopped to photograph the orange lichen-covered rocks.我们停下来拍摄那些布满橙色地衣的岩石。
- lichen growth
- 地衣生长
- Scientists monitor air quality by measuring lichen growth.科学家通过测量地衣生长来监测空气质量。
- lichen planus
Learner notes
Memory Tip
地衣的英文 lichen 读音像“来啃”：岩石上青苔那层总像被啃过似的，记住 lichen 就是那种贴在石头上的苔藓。
Context & Register
语域：formal 常见场景：dermatology notes、medical textbooks、clinical case reports 此义项为医学/皮肤科用语，通常出现在病历、医学教科书或专业讨论中；日常口语中比较少见，多用于描述苔藓样皮疹或相关皮肤病。
Pronunciation & Spelling
发音提示：lichen 读作 /ˈlaɪkən/，ch 发 /k/。与 liken 完全同音；bacon、token 以 /kən/ 结尾，但不是完全押韵。注意 kitchen、chicken 的 ch 发 /tʃ/，stomach 的 ch 发 /k/。
Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 1，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.