inoculate sb against sth
常用被动语态:be inoculated against sth,表示“接种疫苗以防病”。
The nurse inoculated the baby against whooping cough.
护士给婴儿接种了预防百日咳的疫苗。
接种;给…接种
inoculated — past of inoculate
灌输;向…灌输(思想、态度);嫁接;芽接;将抗原物质或疫苗引入某物(如身体)或某人,以产生对特定疾病的免疫力。;如同接种疫苗一样保护或防护某物。;将一种物质添加到另一种物质中。
introduce a microorganism into
常指接种疫苗;在微生物学中也指将微生物接入培养基。
将抗原物质或疫苗引入某物(如身体)或某人,以产生对特定疾病的免疫力。
To introduce an antigenic substance or vaccine into something (e.g. the body) or someone, such as to produce immunity to a specific disease.
如同接种疫苗一样保护或防护某物。
To safeguard or protect something as if by inoculation.
将一种物质添加到另一种物质中。
To add one substance to another.
通过插入芽进行嫁接。
To graft by inserting buds.
向思想中灌输(尤指有害的思想或原则)。
To introduce into the mind (used especially of harmful ideas or principles).
一般现在时
Doctors inoculate children against measles.
医生给儿童接种麻疹疫苗。
一般过去时
The nurse inoculated me with the vaccine yesterday.
护士昨天给我接种了疫苗。
现在完成时
They have inoculated all the students against flu.
他们已经给所有学生接种了流感疫苗。
inoculate 是规则动词,过去式和过去分词均为 inoculated。
Before traveling to the region, the doctor will inoculate everyone against yellow fever.
前往该地区之前,医生会给每个人接种黄热病疫苗。
用法提示:此处 inoculate 是及物动词,表示“给……接种(疫苗)”,后接接种对象和 against 引导的疾病。
All the farm workers were inoculated against tetanus during last month's health campaign.
在上个月的健康活动中,所有农场工人都接种了破伤风疫苗。
用法提示:这里用被动语态 were inoculated,表示“被接种”,inoculate 仍是及物动词,后面接 against 引出疾病。
The vet inoculated the puppy with a vaccine that protects against parvovirus.
兽医给小狗接种了一种预防细小病毒的疫苗。
用法提示:inoculate 后接宾语 the puppy,再用 with 引出所用疫苗,表示“用……给……接种”。
常用被动语态:be inoculated against sth,表示“接种疫苗以防病”。
The nurse inoculated the baby against whooping cough.
护士给婴儿接种了预防百日咳的疫苗。
with 后接接种的物质(疫苗、血清等)。
Scientists inoculated the mice with a live vaccine.
科学家给小鼠接种了活疫苗。
比喻用法,指把思想、态度等灌输给某人。
The teacher inoculated a love of reading into her students.
老师向学生们灌输了对阅读的热爱。
vaccinate 比 inoculate 更常用、更口语,专指接种疫苗;inoculate 较正式,也可指引入减毒病原体。在“打疫苗”语境下可直接替换。
immunize 强调结果——使机体产生免疫力,方式不一定是接种疫苗(也可自然感染);inoculate 则强调接种动作。在“通过接种使其免疫”时可互换,但 immunize 更宽泛。
grammar · medium
易错句子The doctor inoculated the children with the flu.
正确表达The doctor inoculated the children against the flu.
用 inoculate 表示“为预防某病而接种”时,疾病名称前用介词 against;with 后接的是疫苗、血清等注入物,若写 with the flu 就会被理解成把流感注射进去。
grammar · medium
易错句子The nurse inoculated the vaccine to the baby.
正确表达The nurse inoculated the baby with the vaccine.
inoculate 是及物动词,直接宾语是接受接种的人(或植物),不能按汉语“给…接种”的语序把 vaccine 放前面再用 to;疫苗需用 with 引出。
grammar · medium
易错句子Inoculate is important before traveling abroad.
正确表达Inoculation is important before traveling abroad.
inoculate 是动词,不能作主语;需用其名词形式 inoculation。汉语“接种”可兼作名词和动词,因此学习者容易误用动词原形作名词。
vaccinate 仅指为预防疾病而接种疫苗;inoculate 在医学上与此重叠,但还可表示注入细菌或血清、灌输思想、嫁接等,含义更广。
两者在园艺中都可指“嫁接”,但 graft 是常用词,指把枝条或芽接到另一植株上使其愈合生长;inoculate 的“嫁接/芽接”义较专业少用,更偏重“注入”。
两者都可指把观念或态度“灌输”给别人,但 implant 强调牢固地植入并固定下来,也常用于植入设备或器官;inoculate 的比喻义强调像接种一样注入思想,使对方产生接受力或预防力。
给儿童接种麻疹疫苗
Doctors inoculate children against measles before they start school.
医生在儿童入学前给他们接种麻疹疫苗。
把细菌接种到培养物中
The technician inoculated the culture with the patient's sample.
技术员将患者的样本接种到培养物中。
向某人灌输某种思想
Parents should inoculate their children with a sense of responsibility.
父母应该向孩子灌输责任感。
给土壤接种固氮菌
Farmers inoculate the soil with nitrogen-fixing bacteria to improve crop yield.
农民给土壤接种固氮菌以提高作物产量。
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接种时使用的制剂,常与inoculate同现。
接种的目的是使身体获得对特定疾病的免疫力。
接种后身体产生的免疫物质。
接种旨在预防或抵抗的致病微生物。
接种可降低感染风险,二者常在同一语境中讨论。
使某人对……产生免疫力;让某人免受……的影响
The training program inoculates employees against phishing scams.
这个培训项目让员工对网络钓鱼诈骗产生免疫力。
向某人灌输……;使某人接受……
She tried to inoculate her students with a love of history.
她试图向学生们灌输对历史的热爱。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.