inflict sth on/upon sb
介词on/upon不能省略,upon更正式。
The dictator inflicted terrible suffering on his people.
独裁者给他的人民造成了巨大的痛苦。
使遭受;强加于;施加
inflicts — third person singular of inflict
强加;施加;施以;加害;使承受;[法] 处;加
to make someone experience something unpleasant, such as pain or punishment
常与 on/upon 连用:inflict sth on sb(使某人遭受…)
强加;施加
To thrust upon; to impose.
一般现在时
He inflicts pain on others.
他把痛苦施加给别人。
The storm inflicted severe damage on the coastal town.
暴风雨给沿海城镇造成了严重的损失。
用法提示:动词 inflict 表示使遭受(损害),常与 on 连用,后接承受者。
He did not want to inflict his problems on his friends.
他不想把自己的问题强加给朋友们。
用法提示:动词 inflict 表示将不快之事强加于人,搭配 inflict something on someone。
The strict coach inflicts a heavy training schedule on the team every week.
那位严厉的教练每周都让全队承受繁重的训练计划。
用法提示:动词 inflict 的第三人称单数形式,表示使他人承受(负担或痛苦)。
介词on/upon不能省略,upon更正式。
The dictator inflicted terrible suffering on his people.
独裁者给他的人民造成了巨大的痛苦。
被动语态中,介词on/upon同样保留。
Severe penalties were inflicted on the offenders.
对违法者施加了严厉的处罚。
impose 更通用,可用于惩罚、税、负担等,但不如 inflict 侧重于痛苦或伤害。
exact 更正式,常与复仇、赔偿等搭配,强调索取或施加后果。
wreak 语气更强,常与破坏、报复等连用,强调发泄或施加严重伤害。
grammar · medium
易错句子He was inflicted with a serious injury.
正确表达He was afflicted with a serious injury.
使用 inflict 的被动语态时,主语应为施加痛苦的一方,而受害者应用 afflict 的被动结构。
grammar · medium
易错句子The teacher inflicted them a punishment.
正确表达The teacher inflicted a punishment on them.
inflict 后接介词 on/upon 引出承受者,不能直接跟双宾语。
与 inflict 相反,意为减轻或解除施加的痛苦等
与 inflict 相反,意为减轻(痛苦、困难等)
与 inflict 相反,意为使某人免于遭受痛苦或惩罚
afflict 以人作宾语(afflict sb with sth),而 inflict 以痛苦/惩罚作宾语(inflict sth on sb)
使遭受痛苦
The disease can inflict severe pain on patients.
这种疾病会使患者遭受剧烈痛苦。
造成损害
The storm inflicted great damage on the crops.
暴风雨对庄稼造成了巨大损害。
施加惩罚
The judge inflicted a harsh punishment on the criminal.
法官对罪犯施加了严厉的惩罚。
造成伤口
The knife inflicted a deep wound on his arm.
刀在他的手臂上造成了一道很深的伤口。
使遭受苦难
War inflicts immense suffering on civilian populations.
战争给平民百姓带来巨大的苦难。
使遭受失败
The home team inflicted a crushing defeat on their rivals.
主队使对手遭受了惨败。
in- (into) + flict (strike)
con- (together) + flict (strike)
ad- (to) + flict (strike)
inflict 常与 pain 搭配,表示施加痛苦。
inflict injury 表示造成伤害。
inflict punishment 表示施加惩罚。
inflict suffering 表示使遭受苦难。
inflict damage 表示造成损害。
硬要待在某人身边,打扰某人
He inflicted himself on us for the whole weekend.
他整个周末都赖在我们这里,真烦人。
把自己的意志强加于某人
The dictator inflicted his will on the nation through fear.
那个独裁者通过恐惧把自己的意志强加于国家。
你必须真心实意,你必须真正想要施加痛苦。
In Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, Bellatrix Lestrange tells Harry this while teaching him the Cruciatus Curse.
在《哈利·波特与凤凰社》中,贝拉特里克斯·莱斯特兰奇在教哈利钻心咒时这样说。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.