goldbrick during sth
作不及物动词，指逃避分内的活儿、磨洋工，常接时间或场合状语。
Two of the guards goldbricked during the night shift.
两名警卫在夜班期间偷懒。
骗取；诈骗；欺骗；逃避工作；游手好闲
avoid one's assigned duties; shirk
逃避职责；偷懒
avoid (one's assigned duties)
欺骗
deprive of by deceit
一般现在时
He goldbricks at work every day.
他每天上班时逃避工作。
一般过去时
He goldbricked yesterday instead of finishing his report.
他昨天逃避工作，没有完成报告。
现在完成时
He has goldbricked many times this month.
他这个月多次逃避工作。
规则动词，意为逃避工作
He is constantly goldbricking while everyone else is working hard.
其他人都在努力工作时，他总在逃避工作。
用法提示：动词现在分词形式，表示逃避工作的行为
The supervisor warned the employee after he goldbricked on the project.
主管在该员工逃避项目工作后警告了他。
用法提示：动词过去式，表示过去逃避工作的行为
She always goldbricks when there's a tedious task to complete.
每当有乏味的任务要完成时，她总是逃避工作。
用法提示：动词第三人称单数形式，表示习惯性逃避工作
作不及物动词，指逃避分内的活儿、磨洋工，常接时间或场合状语。
Two of the guards goldbricked during the night shift.
两名警卫在夜班期间偷懒。
用 -ing 形式表示当场被发现正在偷懒；被动结构里主语是偷懒的人。
The foreman caught him goldbricking behind the warehouse.
工头撞见他在仓库后面偷懒。
此义为及物用法，表示用欺骗手段让某人失去某物，被取走的东西放在 out of 之后。
The swindler goldbricked the old man out of his pension.
那个骗子骗走了老人的养老金。
grammar · medium
易错句子He always goldbrick when the manager is away.
正确表达He always goldbricks when the manager is away.
一般现在时中，主语 he 是第三人称单数，谓语动词要加 -s；goldbrick 的第三人称单数形式是 goldbricks，所以不能用原形 goldbrick。
grammar · medium
易错句子Yesterday he goldbrick all afternoon.
正确表达Yesterday he goldbricked all afternoon.
yesterday 明确表示过去，谓语要用一般过去时；goldbrick 的过去式是规则变化 goldbricked，不能直接用原形。
grammar · medium
易错句子He often goldbricks in the job.
正确表达He often goldbricks on the job.
表示“上班时、在工作岗位上”要用固定搭配 on the job；in the job 不表示这个意思，因此应改为 on the job。
shirk 是中性偏书面的词，直接带宾语，说 shirk one's duties、shirk responsibility，可用于各种语域；goldbrick 主要是美式口语（源自军队俚语，如今略显过时），多作不及物动词，指干活时偷懒、磨洋工。要客观陈述“逃避职责”用 shirk，要形容某人在岗位上磨洋工用 goldbrick。
malinger 专指装病或夸大病情以逃避工作，贬义且偏正式，多为不及物动词；goldbrick 只是偷懒、敷衍工作，不一定涉及装病。若句子的重点是“装病”，只能用 malinger。
loaf 指无所事事地闲待着，常与 about、around 连用，不针对具体的工作责任；goldbrick 强调的是在本该干活时故意偷懒敷衍，语境通常是有明确任务或岗位。
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