ship + founder (in/on sth)
主语须为船只等可沉没的具体事物,常后接地点或原因状语,如 on the reef、in the storm。
The ship foundered on the reef.
那艘船在暗礁上沉没了。
失败;落空
founders — third person singular of founder
沉没;浸水下沉;使(马)跛足;使(马)蹄受伤;使沉没;使摔倒;弄跛
To flood with water and sink.
To fail; to miscarry.
To disable or lame (a horse) by causing internal inflammation and soreness in the feet or limbs.
一般现在时
The company founders due to mismanagement.
公司因管理不善而失败。
present progressive
The ship is foundering in the storm.
船在暴风雨中沉没。
一般过去时
The peace talks foundered last week.
和平谈判上周失败了。
规则动词
The peace talks foundered after both sides refused to compromise.
和平谈判因双方拒绝妥协而失败。
用法提示:这里 foundered 作为动词,表示失败、破裂。
Many startups founder within their first year due to poor planning.
许多初创公司因规划不善而在第一年内倒闭。
用法提示:这里 founder 作为动词,表示失败、倒闭。
The ship foundered on the rocky coast during the hurricane.
飓风中,船只在岩石海岸沉没。
用法提示:这里 foundered 作为动词,表示沉没。
主语须为船只等可沉没的具体事物,常后接地点或原因状语,如 on the reef、in the storm。
The ship foundered on the reef.
那艘船在暗礁上沉没了。
用于计划、谈判等抽象事物,表示失败;on/over 后接导致失败的原因。
The talks foundered over the question of pay.
谈判因薪酬问题而破裂。
及物用法表示使马因蹄部炎症而跛行,宾语通常为马,主语常为人。
The rider foundered his horse on the stony road.
骑手在石子路上把自己的马骑跛了。
fail 是最通用、最口语化的说法;founder 更正式,常用于计划、谈判或企业因困难而失败。
collapse 强调突然且彻底的失败;founder 更强调失败的过程或原因,不一定是瞬间崩溃。
miscarry 较正式、略过时,且同词也可指‘流产’;现代英语中表达计划落空更常用 fall through。
fall through 是非正式短语,常用于安排、协议等;founder 更正式,且主语常是抽象的事物。
grammar · medium
易错句子He foundered the company in 2010.
正确表达He founded the company in 2010.
动词 founder 意为“(船)沉没”或“(计划等)失败”,不是“创立”;表示“创立”的动词是 found,过去式为 founded。应将 foundered 改为 founded。
grammar · medium
易错句子The ship was foundered in the storm.
正确表达The ship foundered in the storm.
founder 表示“(船)进水沉没”时是不及物动词,主语就是船本身,不能用被动语态 was foundered;应直接使用主动语态 foundered。
flounder 强调在困境中挣扎或动作慌乱,但不一定失败;founder 则强调彻底失败、沉没或崩溃。
falter 指信心、决心或进程暂时动摇或减弱,常可恢复;founder 指完全失败或沉没,程度更重。
(船)进水沉没
The ship foundered off the coast during the storm.
那艘船在暴风雨中在海岸附近进水沉没了。
(谈判)破裂,失败
The peace talks foundered over disagreements on borders.
和平谈判因边界问题上的分歧而破裂。
(计划)落空,失败
The plan foundered for lack of funds.
该计划因缺乏资金而落空。
(马)蹄部受伤跛行
The horse foundered after running on the hard pavement.
那匹马在坚硬的路面上奔跑后蹄部受伤,变成了跛足。
-ounder
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船只进水下沉时,船体(hull)是直接受影响的部位。
船长负责指挥船只,常出现在船只遇险沉没的叙事中。
船只founder时,船员和乘客会使用救生艇逃生。
冰山撞击是导致船只进水founder的典型原因之一。
founder作为“沉没”义时,发生在海洋等水域环境中。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.