1
etch sth into/onto sth
常表示把图案、文字等刻到硬质表面；into 强调刻入，onto 强调在表面刻画。
The artist etched the flower design onto the copper plate.
那位艺术家把花卉图案蚀刻到铜板上。
蚀刻；蚀镂
etched — past of etch
先理解核心含义，再看它在真实句子里的用法。
蚀刻；蚀镂
make an etching of
The artist etched the flower design onto the copper plate.
那位艺术家把花卉图案蚀刻到铜板上。
用酸或其他腐蚀性物质在表面刻出图案。最著名的是制作印刷版的技术,也用于金属装饰,现代工业中用于制造电路板。
To cut into a surface with an acid or other corrosive substance in order to make a pattern. Best known as a technique for creating printing plates, but also used for decoration on metal, and, in modern industry, to make circuit boards.
在表面上雕刻。
To engrave a surface.
留下持久印象。
To make a lasting impression.
素描；描绘。
To sketch; to delineate.
etch
Base
原形
etches
3rd person
第三人称单数
etching
-ing
现在分词
etched
Past
过去式
etched
Past participle
过去分词
Artists often etch their designs into metal plates.
艺术家们常常将他们的设计蚀刻在金属板上。
She etched her initials on the glass yesterday.
她昨天把她的名字缩写蚀刻在玻璃上。
He has etched a beautiful pattern onto the copper sheet.
他已经在铜板上蚀刻出美丽的图案。
蚀刻；使显现。规则动词，过去式和过去分词均为 etched。
The artist plans to etch a delicate pattern onto the copper plate.
这位艺术家计划在铜板上蚀刻一个精致的图案。
The glass door was etched with a beautiful flower design.
玻璃门上被蚀刻了一幅美丽的花卉图案。
She carefully etches her initials into the metal bracelet.
她小心地把自己的姓名首字母蚀刻到金属手镯上。
常表示把图案、文字等刻到硬质表面；into 强调刻入，onto 强调在表面刻画。
The artist etched the flower design onto the copper plate.
那位艺术家把花卉图案蚀刻到铜板上。
被动式常用来描写物体表面已有的装饰性图文。
The ring is etched with our names.
这枚戒指被刻上了我们的名字。
这是比喻用法，表示印象深刻、难以忘记，常用 memory/mind/heart。
That moment is etched in my memory forever.
那一刻永远铭刻在我的记忆中。
此义用于半导体或电路加工，表示用化学试剂、激光等选择性去除表面材料。
The lab etches the semiconductor with a solvent.
实验室用溶剂蚀刻半导体。
Not this
She bought an etch by that artist.
Use this
She bought an etching by that artist.
etch 是动词，表示“蚀刻”；表示“蚀刻作品/版画”应用名词 etching，而不能把动词 etch 直接当名词用。
Not this
The design etched into the glass.
Use this
The design was etched into the glass.
design 是蚀刻动作的承受者，etch 是及物动词，应用被动语态 was etched；若说 The design etched，意思变成“设计主动去蚀刻”，不符合原意。
Focus on the distinctions below. Other candidates are kept compact until a reliable usage note is available.
在金属上蚀刻
The artist etched a design into the metal plate.
艺术家在金属板上蚀刻了一个图案。
深深铭刻在记忆中
That day is forever etched in my memory.
那一天永远铭刻在我的记忆中。
蚀刻溶液
The lab uses an etching solution to clean the circuit boards.
实验室用蚀刻溶液清洗电路板。
在玻璃上蚀刻
He etched his initials onto the glass window.
他把姓名首字母蚀刻在玻璃窗上。
酸蚀刻
Acid etching gives the metal surface a frosted look.
酸蚀刻使金属表面呈磨砂质感。
铭刻在记忆中，难以忘怀
The image of her smile is etched in my memory.
她微笑的样子永远铭刻在我的记忆中。
一成不变，不可更改
These guidelines are not etched in stone; we can revise them.
这些准则并不是一成不变的；我们可以修改它们。
（情绪）清楚地显露在脸上
Exhaustion was etched on his face after the long journey.
长途旅行后，疲惫清楚地写在他的脸上。
Use etched naturally, then get feedback on meaning, tone, grammar, and phrasing.
Revisit a common error or keep this word in your review list.
记忆提示：把etch想成用刻刀在金属上蚀刻，刻痕清晰凸现；tch像三道刻痕，图案留在表面。
语域：mixed 常见场景：printmaking、metalwork、semiconductor manufacturing 该词在版画和金属加工领域多指用酸或工具蚀刻图案，语气比较中性；在半导体制造中则属于专业术语，正式程度较高。日常口语中很少使用。
fetch、sketch、stretch、wretch 都与 etch 押韵，读音均以 /etʃ/ 结尾。注意拼写相似的 -atch 词（如 match、catch、hatch、patch）读作 /ætʃ/，并不与 etch 押韵。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, OCTANOVE, WIKTIONARY.