Word · CEFR A1 · Frequency #102
down
向下;往下;朝底部
核心释义
From a higher position to a lower one; downwards; to the bottom of something.
- 1.
从较高的位置到较低的位置;向下。
From a higher position to a lower one; downwards.
- 2.
朝着被认为是某物底部的方向移动,无论当前是否物理上更低。
To or towards what is considered the bottom of something, irrespective of whether this is presently physically lower.
- 3.
在既定路径上较低或较远的地方或位置。
At a lower or further place or position along a set path.
- 4.
往南(因南通常在典型地图底部)
To the south (as south is at the bottom of typical maps).
- 5.
远离城市(无论方向)
Away from the city (regardless of direction).
- 6.
朝向因当地特征、惯例或任意被视为‘下方’的地方,无论方向或高度变化
At or towards any place that is visualised as 'down' by virtue of local features or local convention, or arbitrarily, irrespective of direction or elevation change.
- 7.
向前,直行
Forward, straight ahead.
- 8.
朝远离主要终点、远离零里程碑的方向
In the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
- 9.
到较低或较不重要的职位或等级
To a subordinate or less prestigious position or rank.
- 10.
朝向对方一侧(球类运动中)
Towards the opponent's side (in ball-sports).
- 11.
使数量、水平或强度减少
So as to lessen quantity, level or intensity.
- 12.
使尺寸、重量或体积减小
So as to reduce size, weight or volume.
- 13.
从粗略到更详细
From less to greater detail.
- 14.
从较远或更早的古代
From a remoter or higher antiquity.
- 15.
进入停止运行状态
Into a state of non-operation.
- 16.
以确保或压缩物体到地板、地面或其他(通常水平)表面
So as to secure or compress something to the floor, ground, or other (usually horizontal) surface.
- 17.
在纸上(或持久记录中)
On paper (or in a durable record).
- 18.
使受威吓而沉默
So as to be cowed into silence.
- 19.
作为首付款
As a down payment.
- 20.
向下方向;垂直地
In a downwards direction; vertically.
- 21.
用于动词后表示动作完成、持久或成功,而非持续不定
Used with verbs to indicate that the action of the verb was carried to some state of completion, permanence, or success rather than being of indefinite duration.
减少;降低;变小;沿路往前;到(本地的)某处;在南边;往南;出城;到乡下;向前;朝前方
用法In use
The cat jumped down from the tree.
用法提示:down 表示从高处到低处的方向,作为副词修饰动词 jumped。
The stock market went down sharply.
用法提示:down 表示减少或下降,作为副词修饰动词 went。
Please sit down on the chair.
用法提示:down 表示动作的完成或方向,作为副词与 sit 构成短语动词。
verb + down
down 作副词跟在动词后,表示向下或朝较低的位置移动,如 come down、go down、fall down。
The balloon slowly came down.
气球慢慢降了下来。
verb + noun + down
宾语是名词时通常放在动词和 down 之间;若宾语是代词,则只能放在中间,如 turn it down。
Please turn the music down.
请把音乐调小一点。
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- go down
- 下降;降低
- Prices are expected to go down next month.预计下个月价格会下降。
- come down
- 下来;下降
- The snow came down all night.雪下了一整夜。
- break down
- (机器等)出现故障;抛锚
- The car broke down on the way to work.汽车在上班路上抛锚了。
- calm down
- 冷静下来;平静下来
- Calm down and tell me what happened.冷静下来,告诉我发生了什么。
- slow down
- 放慢速度;减速
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
想象杯子从桌上“down”(当)一声掉到地上:方向朝下。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域:neutral 常见场景:日常对话、书面表达、新闻报道或说明文字 down 作副词时通常属于中性语体,日常对话和书面语中都常见,没有明显的正式或随意色彩。具体意思需要看上下文,例如方向、位置、数量减少或沿路线移动。
语法说明Grammar Note
通常用于动词之后,表示方向或状态下降
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
与 down 押韵(/aʊn/)且拼写都以 -own 结尾的常用词:town、brown、crown、clown、frown。注意 own 虽然拼写也是 -own,但读 /oʊn/,不押韵。
高价值词汇High-value vocabulary
该词属于 Oxford 核心词汇,值得优先掌握常见搭配和句型。
用法优先级Usage priority
Dictionary facts from DICTIONARY_API_DEV, ECDICT, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.