be dismayed by
collocation因……而感到沮丧/惊愕
Many employees were dismayed by the sudden layoffs.
许多员工因突然裁员而感到沮丧惊愕。
使惊慌；使沮丧；使惊愕
dismaying — present participle of dismay
先理解核心含义，再看它在真实句子里的用法。
使惊慌；使沮丧；使惊愕
To make someone feel shocked, worried, or upset; to fill with fear or apprehension.
The team's poor performance dismayed their coach.
球队的糟糕表现使教练感到气馁。
使感到忧虑、极度悲伤或恐惧；使失去精力。
To cause to feel apprehension; great sadness, or fear; to deprive of energy.
使失去活力；压制；使不安。
To render lifeless; to subdue; to disquiet.
感到惊愕或恐惧；充满惊愕。
To take dismay or fright; to be filled with dismay.
dismay
Base
原形
dismays
3rd person
第三人称单数
dismaying
-ing
现在分词
dismayed
Past
过去式
dismayed
Past participle
过去分词
The news dismays everyone.
这消息使每个人惊愕。
The outcome dismayed the team.
结果使团队气馁。
The constant delays are dismaying the passengers.
不断的延误使乘客们感到沮丧。
规则动词，过去式与过去分词加-ed
The news of the accident is dismaying everyone in the community.
事故的消息使社区中的每个人感到惊愕。
Her lack of effort dismays her parents.
她缺乏努力使她的父母感到沮丧。
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因……而感到沮丧/惊愕
Many employees were dismayed by the sudden layoffs.
许多员工因突然裁员而感到沮丧惊愕。
对……感到惊愕和不安
She was dismayed at her brother's careless attitude.
她对哥哥粗心的态度感到惊愕和不安。
得知……后感到震惊和难过
I was dismayed to learn that the library would close.
得知图书馆要关闭，我感到震惊和难过。
对……感到失望/沮丧
They were dismayed that no action had been taken.
他们对没有采取任何行动感到失望。
深感惊愕；非常沮丧
The whole community was deeply dismayed by the accident.
整个社区都对这起事故深感惊愕。
这难道没有使我们的将领麦克白和班柯感到惊惧吗？
From Shakespeare's Macbeth, Act 1, Scene 2. A wounded sergeant asks whether the enemy attack dismayed the Scottish generals Macbeth and Banquo, emphasizing their courage. The line introduces the play's hero before his fall.
出自莎士比亚《麦克白》第一幕第二场。一位受伤的军士问道，敌方的进攻是否使苏格兰将领麦克白和班柯感到惊惧，以此强调他们的勇敢。这句台词在主人公堕落之前介绍了他。
我岂没有吩咐你吗？你当刚强壮胆！不要惧怕，也不要惊惶；因为你无论往哪里去，耶和华你的神必与你同在。
From the Bible (Joshua 1:9, King James Version), spoken by God to Joshua as he leads the Israelites into the Promised Land. The phrase 'be not dismayed' has become a widely quoted reassurance of faith and courage.
出自《圣经》（约书亚记 1:9，钦定版），是上帝在约书亚带领以色列人进入应许之地时对他说的话。'不要惊惶'成为广为引用的信心与勇气的慰藉之语。
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拆成 dis + may：'不 + 可能'，想到'不可能了！'，顿时惊慌沮丧。
语域：formal 常见场景：formal writing、news reports dismay 作动词时多用于正式或书面语境，表示“使……感到惊愕、沮丧或担忧”，比较常见于新闻报道和正式文章中；日常口语中则较少使用。
及物动词，常用被动结构 be dismayed at/by sth.
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, OCTANOVE, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.