decimate sth
最常用义项是“大幅破坏、使剧减”,并非彻底毁灭。
The hurricane decimated the coastal town.
飓风摧毁了沿海城镇。
大量毁灭;重创;使锐减
decimates — third person singular of decimate
先理解核心含义,再看它在真实句子里的用法。
大量毁灭;重创;使锐减
To greatly reduce or destroy something, though not completely.
The hurricane decimated the coastal town.
飓风摧毁了沿海城镇。
摧毁或移除某物的十分之一。
To destroy or remove one-tenth of (something).
摧毁:大幅减少或破坏,但并非完全毁灭。
To devastate: to reduce or destroy significantly but not completely.
用另一个质量较低但可接受的模型替换(高分辨率模型)。(通常通过算法)
To replace (a high-resolution model) with another of lower but acceptable quality. (Usually algorithmically)
decimate
Base
原形
decimates
3rd person
第三人称单数
decimating
-ing
现在分词
decimated
Past
过去式
decimated
Past participle
过去分词
Diseases decimate crops if farmers do not act quickly.
如果农民不迅速采取行动,疾病会大量毁坏庄稼。
The storm decimated the coastal village last year.
去年那场风暴摧毁了沿海村庄的大部分建筑。
The new policy has decimated small businesses.
新政策已经使许多小企业遭受重创。
现代英语中常表示“大量摧毁”或“使……锐减”,不一定指严格意义上的十分之一。
The frost decimated the orange trees, and the orchard produced almost nothing that year.
霜冻摧毁了大部分橘树,那年果园几乎颗粒无收。
Fishing has decimated the shark population along this coast.
捕鱼活动使这片海岸的鲨鱼数量急剧减少。
The old library's collection was decimated by a flood last spring.
去年春天一场洪水摧毁了这家老图书馆的大部分藏书。
最常用义项是“大幅破坏、使剧减”,并非彻底毁灭。
The hurricane decimated the coastal town.
飓风摧毁了沿海城镇。
被动语态常用来强调原因或受影响的对象。
The local fish population was decimated by overfishing.
当地鱼类种群因过度捕捞而锐减。
Not this
The disease decimated.
Use this
The disease decimated the population.
decimate 是及物动词,后面必须接宾语(被大幅减少或破坏的对象)。原句缺少宾语,所以句子不完整;加上 the population 后语义才完整。
Not this
The town was decimated from the earthquake.
Use this
The town was decimated by the earthquake.
被动语态中,动作的执行者用介词 by 引出,不能用 from。decimate 表示“由某事物造成的大规模破坏”,所以地震这个施动者前应使用 by。
Focus on the distinctions below. Other candidates are kept compact until a reliable usage note is available.
使人口锐减
The epidemic decimated the population of the region.
这场流行病使该地区的人口锐减。
大幅裁减劳动力
The factory closure decimated the workforce in the town.
工厂关闭使镇上的劳动力大幅减少。
使队伍严重减员
Injuries decimated the team's ranks during the season.
伤病使球队在整个赛季中严重减员。
大量毁灭野生动物
Deforestation has decimated wildlife in the area.
森林砍伐使该地区的野生动物大量减少。
重创一支军队
The surprise attack decimated the army.
突袭重创了这支军队。
重创对手;彻底击败竞争对手
The new startup decimated the competition with its innovative product.
这家新创公司凭借创新产品彻底击败了竞争对手。
大量削减成员;使队伍锐减
The pandemic decimated the ranks of small businesses.
疫情使小企业大批倒闭。
使人口锐减
The famine decimated the population of the region.
饥荒使该地区的人口锐减。
Use decimates naturally, then get feedback on meaning, tone, grammar, and phrasing.
Revisit a common error or keep this word in your review list.
deci- 像‘十’?古罗马‘十一抽杀’每十人杀一人;如今 decimate 只表示‘重创’,不一定是十分之一。
语域:neutral 常见场景:news reporting、historical accounts、formal writing about losses or damage 表示“大幅破坏/减少”时,多用于新闻报道、历史叙述或正式写作,语气偏中性;口语中较少见,且已很少使用原义“消灭十分之一”。
这些词的词尾拼写为 -imate 且都读作 /ɪmeɪt/(重音不在最后),但整词韵脚并不与 decimate 完全重合;注意 intimate 作形容词时读 /ˈɪntɪmət/,estimate 作名词时读 /ˈɛstɪmət/。intimidate 和 imitate 拼写相似,但末尾分别读作 /deɪt/ 和 /teɪt/,与 decimate 的 /meɪt/ 不同;mate 单独读作 /meɪt/,是 decimate 结尾的声音,但并非整词押韵。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.