cumber + noun phrase
The heavy baggage cumbered his progress.
沉重的行李阻碍了他的进展。
阻碍；妨碍；拖累
cumbered — past of cumber
阻碍,妨碍；妨害；使受苦
to hinder, obstruct, or burden
阻碍,妨碍
hold back
一般现在时
This heavy burden cumbers his progress.
这个沉重的负担妨碍了他的进步。
一般过去时
The debris cumbered the path.
碎片阻塞了道路。
present progressive
Unnecessary rules are cumbering the process.
不必要的规则正在阻碍流程。
规则动词：过去式和过去分词直接加-ed。
The heavy backpack cumbers her movements during the hike.
沉重的背包在徒步中妨碍了她的行动。
用法提示：动词cumber第三人称单数形式，表示‘妨碍’的意思。
Excessive rules cumbered the creative process of the team.
过多的规则阻碍了团队的创作过程。
用法提示：动词cumber的过去式，表示‘阻碍’的意思。
Cumbering the workflow with unnecessary steps only reduces efficiency.
用不必要的步骤阻碍工作流程只会降低效率。
用法提示：动词cumber的现在分词形式，表示‘阻碍’的意思。
The heavy baggage cumbered his progress.
沉重的行李阻碍了他的进展。
常用被动语态，表示被负担所累。
She was cumbered with many responsibilities.
她肩负许多责任，深受其累。
encumber 与 cumber 同义，但 encumber 更常用且可带具体宾语（如行李、法规），cumber 较为古雅且多用于抽象语境
cucumber 与 cumber 发音相似（均含 /kʌmbə/），但拼写多一个字母，且意义完全不同
number 与 cumber 拼写相似（均含 'umber'），但发音开头不同（/n/ vs /k/），意义和词性完全不同
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