1
confound sb
直接宾语表示被弄糊涂的人。
The complex instructions confounded the students.
复杂的说明让学生困惑不解。
使困惑；使迷惑
先理解核心含义，再看它在真实句子里的用法。
使困惑；使迷惑
To perplex or puzzle someone.
The complex instructions confounded the students.
复杂的说明让学生困惑不解。
使困惑
To perplex or puzzle.
使震惊或惊讶
To stun or amaze.
混淆；混淆是非
To fail to see the difference; to mix up; to confuse right and wrong.
混合在一起以至于无法区分
To combine in a confused fashion; to mingle so as to make the parts indistinguishable.
confound
Base
原形
confounds
3rd person
第三人称单数
confounding
-ing
现在分词
confounded
Past
过去式
confounded
Past participle
过去分词
This puzzle confounds me.
这个谜题让我困惑。
The magician confounded the audience.
魔术师让观众感到困惑。
The results have confounded the experts.
结果让专家们感到困惑。
The sudden change in the schedule confounded everyone in the office.
日程的突然变化使办公室里的每个人都感到困惑。
The magician's trick confounded the audience, leaving them speechless.
魔术师的把戏让观众狼狈不堪，说不出话来。
He confounded his critics by achieving great success despite their doubts.
他挫败了批评者，尽管他们怀疑他，他仍取得了巨大成功。
直接宾语表示被弄糊涂的人。
The complex instructions confounded the students.
复杂的说明让学生困惑不解。
用with连接两个混淆的事物。
She often confounds 'effect' with 'affect'.
她经常把‘effect’和‘affect’弄混。
被动语态，by引出使人困惑的事物。
The researchers were confounded by the unexpected results.
研究人员被意想不到的结果搞糊涂了。
常用于confound expectations/plans，表示挫败或使落空。
The candidate confounded all expectations and won the election.
这位候选人出乎所有人意料，赢得了选举。
Not this
There is a confound between the two ideas.
Use this
There is a confusion between the two ideas.
confound 是动词，不能用作名词表示‘混淆状态’，应使用名词 confusion。
Not this
The bad weather confused our travel plans.
Use this
The bad weather confounded our travel plans.
confuse 侧重引起困惑，而 confound 可表示‘挫败、打乱’，表达计划被破坏时应使用 confound。
Focus on the distinctions below. Other candidates are kept compact until a reliable usage note is available.
出乎意料，打破预期
The team confounded expectations by winning the championship.
那支球队出乎意料地赢得了冠军。
让批评者大跌眼镜，用成功反驳批评
The startup confounded the critics with its rapid growth.
这家初创公司的快速成长让批评者大跌眼镜。
克服不利局面，创造奇迹
She confounded the odds and recovered from the illness.
她战胜了不利的预后，康复了。
令专家困惑，使专家惊讶
The magician's trick confounded the experts.
这位魔术师的把戏让专家们困惑不已。
迷惑敌人，使敌人陷入混乱
The army used smoke screens to confound the enemy.
军队用烟幕来迷惑敌人。
使尝试受挫，破坏努力
The complexity of the case confounded attempts to solve it.
案件的复杂性使破案的努力受挫。
真糟糕！该死！
Confound it! I've left my wallet at home.
真糟糕！我把钱包落在家里了。
出乎意料；令人大跌眼镜
The young team confounded expectations by winning the championship.
这支年轻的队伍出乎意料地赢得了冠军。
让质疑者大跌眼镜；用事实反驳怀疑者
She confounded the doubters by finishing the marathon first.
她第一个跑完马拉松，让质疑者大跌眼镜。
挫败他们的阴谋诡计，粉碎他们卑劣的伎俩。
Line from the British national anthem 'God Save the King/Queen', calling for divine defeat of enemies' schemes.
出自英国国歌《天佑国王/女王》，祈求上帝挫败敌人的阴谋。
Use confound naturally, then get feedback on meaning, tone, grammar, and phrasing.
Revisit a common error or keep this word in your review list.
把 confound 拆成 con + found：把“找到”的东西全混在一起，结果分不清、更困惑。
语域：formal 常见场景：正式书面语、学术讨论、文学叙述 confound 比较常见于正式或书面语境，多用于表示‘使困惑’或‘混淆’，日常口语中较少使用。
这些词都与 confound 押韵：它们都读作 /aʊnd/，且拼写都以 -ound 结尾。注意形近词 wound（名词，意为“伤口”）读作 /wuːnd/，并不押韵。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.