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have/get/develop cataracts
cataracts 常用复数，泛指白内障这种病；若指单眼，可说 a cataract in one eye。
Many people develop cataracts as they age.
许多人上了年纪就会患上白内障。
白内障
cataracts — plural of cataract
先理解核心含义，再看它在真实句子里的用法。
白内障
a medical condition in which the natural lens of the eye becomes cloudy, causing blurred vision
Many people develop cataracts as they age.
许多人上了年纪就会患上白内障。
A (large) waterfall, specifically one flowing over the edge of a cliff.
A clouding of the lens in the eye leading to a decrease in vision.
眼睛疾病,涉及晶状体的混浊或不透明
an eye disease that involves the clouding or opacification of the natural lens of the eye
A flood of water; specifically, steep rapids in a river.
My grandmother had a cataract removed from her left eye last year.
我祖母去年做了左眼白内障摘除手术。
He wears glasses now because his cataracts make it hard for him to see clearly.
他现在戴眼镜，因为白内障使他看东西不清楚。
The doctor explained that a cataract can develop slowly over many years.
医生解释说，白内障可能会在多年间慢慢形成。
cataracts 常用复数，泛指白内障这种病；若指单眼，可说 a cataract in one eye。
Many people develop cataracts as they age.
许多人上了年纪就会患上白内障。
cataract surgery 是固定说法，指白内障手术。
She is recovering well after cataract surgery.
她白内障手术后恢复得很好。
此处 cataract 指暴雨或奔流，常带比喻色彩。
A cataract of rain poured from the dark clouds.
大雨如瀑布般从乌云中倾泻而下。
Not this
My grandfather has cataract.
Use this
My grandfather has cataracts.
cataract 是可数名词，泛指白内障这种眼病时通常用复数形式 cataracts（可指双眼患病或作为疾病类别），不能像中文“白内障”那样以不带冠词的单数形式直接用在 have 后。
Not this
My mother is a cataract.
Use this
My mother has a cataract.
英语表示“患有疾病”用 have + 病名，而不用 be + 名词；这是受中文“眼睛是白内障”这类表达的影响。has a cataract 表示“有一只眼睛患白内障”，搭配正确。
Focus on the distinctions below. Other candidates are kept compact until a reliable usage note is available.
白内障手术
The doctor said she needs cataract surgery on her right eye.
医生说她的右眼需要做白内障手术。
年龄相关性白内障
Age-related cataracts are the most common type of cataract.
年龄相关性白内障是最常见的白内障类型。
先天性白内障
The infant was found to have a congenital cataract during a routine checkup.
婴儿在常规检查中被发现有先天性白内障。
患上白内障；出现白内障
Many people develop cataracts after the age of sixty.
许多人在六十岁以后患上白内障。
白内障摘除术
Cataract extraction is usually performed under local anesthesia.
白内障摘除术通常在局部麻醉下进行。
白内障筛查
Routine cataract screening can detect the disease early.
常规白内障筛查可以及早发现这种疾病。
你们这些大瀑布和飓风，倾泻吧，直到浸透我们的钟楼，淹死报晓的公鸡！（出自莎士比亚《李尔王》第三幕第二场）
The doctor said the cataract in her left eye would need surgery.
医生说她左眼的白内障需要动手术。
Use cataracts naturally, then get feedback on meaning, tone, grammar, and phrasing.
Revisit a common error or keep this word in your review list.
记忆：cataract 里藏着 cat（猫），想象猫眼蒙上白雾、浑浊不清，像瀑布冲刷——白内障。
语域：neutral 常见场景：ophthalmology clinic、health education materials、everyday vision discussions cataract 作“白内障”解时，属于中性偏正式的说法，多用于医患交流、健康科普和日常对话；在医学文书或专业讨论中则显得更正式。
没有常用词与 cataract (/ˈkætɝækt/) 完全押韵。下列 -act 结尾的词（如 tract、act、fact）与 cataract 的词尾 /rækt/ 发音相近，但重音在首音节，故不构成严格押韵。注意 cataract 的发音为 /ˈkætɝækt/，重音在第一个音节。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.