1
a viper
The hiker was bitten by a viper.
那位徒步旅行者被一条蝰蛇咬了。
蝰蛇；毒蛇
先理解核心含义，再看它在真实句子里的用法。
蝰蛇；毒蛇
a venomous Old World snake with hollow fangs that inject venom
The hiker was bitten by a viper.
那位徒步旅行者被一条蝰蛇咬了。
A venomous snake in the family Viperidae.
旧大陆毒蛇,特征是上颌有中空的毒液导管牙
venomous Old World snakes characterized by hollow venom-conducting fangs in the upper jaw
A dangerous, treacherous, or malignant person.
The hiker carefully stepped over a viper sunning itself on the trail.
徒步旅行者小心地跨过一条在小路上晒太阳的蝰蛇。
A viper's venom can be deadly, so never approach one in the wild.
蝰蛇的毒液可能是致命的，所以在野外千万不要靠近。
Local farmers warned us that vipers often hide among the rocks.
当地农民警告我们，蝰蛇常常藏在岩石间。
The hiker was bitten by a viper.
那位徒步旅行者被一条蝰蛇咬了。
viper 也用于比喻，指阴险毒辣的人。
Don't trust him; he is a viper.
别信他；他是个阴险的人。
Not this
I saw viper in the grass.
Use this
I saw a viper in the grass.
viper 是可数名词，单数形式前必须有冠词或限定词。这里指具体的一条蛇，所以用 a viper，不能裸用 viper。
Not this
Mary saw many viper in the zoo.
Use this
Mary saw many vipers in the zoo.
many 修饰可数名词复数，viper 的复数形式是 vipers，必须加 -s。
Not this
He was bitten from a viper.
Use this
He was bitten by a viper.
被动语态中施动者用 by 引导，不能用 from；by a viper 表示“被蝰蛇咬了一口”。
Focus on the distinctions below. Other candidates are kept compact until a reliable usage note is available.
蝮蛇；颊窝蝰蛇
The rattlesnake is a pit viper found throughout the Americas.
响尾蛇是在美洲各地都能见到的蝮蛇。
蝰蛇毒液
Antivenom is often made from viper venom.
抗蛇毒血清通常由蝰蛇毒液制成。
蝰蛇咬伤
A viper bite can be life-threatening if left untreated.
蝰蛇咬伤若不治疗可能危及生命。
一窝毒蛇；一群阴险小人
The new manager soon found the office was a nest of vipers.
新经理很快发现这间办公室是一窝阴险小人。
养虎遗患；姑息养奸
He had nursed a viper in his bosom and was betrayed by his closest friend.
他姑息养奸，结果被最亲密的朋友背叛了。
一群阴险恶毒的人；蛇蝎窝
The company's board turned out to be a nest of vipers, each member plotting against the others.
这家公司的董事会原来是一窝蛇蝎，每个成员都在暗中算计别人。
姑息养奸；庇护恩将仇报者
He had nursed a viper in his bosom: his trusted partner was secretly bankrupting the business.
他一直姑息养奸：那位他信任的合伙人正在暗中把公司搞破产。
一窝毒蛇；一伙狠毒的人
The gossip columnists are a brood of vipers, always tearing down celebrities.
那些八卦专栏作家是一伙蛇蝎之徒，总在诋毁名人。
我是毒蛇，我将取你性命。
Oberyn Martell, the Red Viper, taunts his opponent Ser Gregor Clegane with this line in Game of Thrones before the duel that ends his life.
《权力的游戏》中，绰号“红毒蛇”的奥柏伦·马泰尔在决斗前用这句话挑衅对手格雷果·克里冈，这场决斗最终以他的死亡告终。
Use viper naturally, then get feedback on meaning, tone, grammar, and phrasing.
Revisit a common error or keep this word in your review list.
联想：viper 的 V 代表 venom（毒液），所以它是有毒牙的毒蛇。
语域：neutral 常见场景：自然纪录片、动物图鉴、新闻报道 作“蝰蛇/毒蛇”解时，语体比较中性，多用于书面、科普或新闻语境；日常口语中更常说 snake。
viper /ˈvaɪpɚ/ 与 piper、wiper 同韵（都以 /aɪpɚ/ 结尾）；注意 paper、pepper、upper、super 只是拼写都以 -per 结尾，读音并不相同。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.