victual sb/sth
及物用法,指向人或队伍供应食物,多见于军事或航海语境。
The quartermaster victualled the troops before the campaign.
军需官在战役开始前为部队供应了食物。
储备粮食;贮存食物;摄取营养;进食;向...供应食物。;储备食物。;摄取营养。
向...供应食物。
supply with food
储备食物。
lay in provisions
摄取营养。
take in nourishment
一般现在时
They victual the ship before departure.
他们在出发前给船供应食物。
一般过去时
The crew victualled the vessel yesterday.
船员昨天给船供应了食物。
现在完成时
We have victualled the expedition for a month.
我们已经为探险队供应了一个月的食物。
注意过去式和现在分词拼写中双写l
The old innkeeper used to victual the whole village during the harsh winter.
那位老客栈老板曾在严冬时节为整个村庄供应食物。
用法提示:victual 在这里作及物动词,表示“向……供应食物”。
Before the long voyage, the crew victualled the ship with enough flour and salted meat for three months.
远航之前,船员们为船储备了足够三个月食用的面粉和咸肉。
用法提示:victualled 是 victual 的过去式,表示“储备粮食”。
In the mountains, hikers often victual at small lodges before continuing on the trail.
在山区,徒步者常在小旅馆进食,然后继续上路。
用法提示:victual 此处作不及物动词,表示“进食、摄取营养”。
及物用法,指向人或队伍供应食物,多见于军事或航海语境。
The quartermaster victualled the troops before the campaign.
军需官在战役开始前为部队供应了食物。
被动结构常与 with 连用,强调所供应的具体食物。
The fort was victualled with salted meat and biscuit.
这座堡垒储备了咸肉和饼干作为食物。
不及物用法,表示为一件事或一段时间储备食物。
They victualled for the winter before the mountain roads closed.
他们在山路封闭前为过冬储备了食物。
grammar · medium
易错句子The captain victual the ship before every voyage.
正确表达The captain victuals the ship before every voyage.
一般现在时中,主语 the captain 是第三人称单数,谓语动词必须加 -s;victual 的第三人称单数形式是 victuals,不能直接用原形。
grammar · medium
易错句子They have already victual the fort for the winter.
正确表达They have already victualled the fort for the winter.
现在完成时 have + 过去分词,因此要用 victual 的过去分词 victualled,而不能用原形 victual。
grammar · medium
易错句子They victualled food and water to the sailors.
正确表达They victualled the sailors with food and water.
victual 表示“向……供应食物”时,宾语是接受食物的人或地方,食物用 with 引出;它不是带 to 的双宾语动词,不能把食物放在宾语位置。
两者都能表示“供应食物”,但 provision 强调一次性备齐一批物资,对象多为船只、队伍、据点,属正式或书面用语;victual 更古旧、更书面,多见于航海或历史叙述,现代口语几乎不用。作不及物动词时 victual 意为“储备食物”,provision 则很少这样单独使用。
读音相近,结尾都带 /tʃuəl/ 一类的音,拼写也只差几个字母,但意义无关:virtual 是形容词,指“实际上的、虚拟的”;victual 只作动词,指供应或储备食物。看到句中出现 be、系动词或修饰名词的位置时,应选 virtual。
拼写和读音都与 victual 接近,但 vital 是形容词,常用 be vital to/for 结构表示“极其重要”;victual 是动词,须接宾语或用于被动,表示供应食物。两者词性与句法位置不同,不能互换。
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