tranquilize sb/sth
及物动词,宾语通常是需要镇定的人或动物。
The farmer tranquilized the injured horse before the vet arrived.
兽医赶到之前,农场主给受伤的马用了镇静剂。
使(人或动物)平静;给…服镇静剂
先理解核心含义,再看它在真实句子里的用法。
使(人或动物)平静;给…服镇静剂
make (a person or animal) calm or peaceful, especially by giving a tranquilizer or sedative
一般现在时
The music tranquilizes the anxious patients.
音乐使焦虑的病人平静下来。
一般过去时
The nurse tranquilized the aggressive dog.
护士给那只暴躁的狗注射了镇静剂。
现在进行时
She is tranquilizing her nerves with deep breaths.
她正通过深呼吸使神经平静下来。
规则动词,-ize结尾,过去式加-d
The zookeeper is tranquilizing the lion so the vet can examine it safely.
动物园管理员正在给狮子注射镇静剂,以便兽医安全地检查它。
用法提示:tranquilizing 是动词的现在分词形式,与 is 构成现在进行时,表示‘给……注射镇静剂使平静’。
The frightened horse was tranquilized before its hoof was cleaned.
受惊的马在清理蹄子之前被注射了镇静剂。
用法提示:tranquilized 是过去分词,用于被动语态,表示‘被注射镇静剂’。
Vets sometimes tranquilize large animals before moving them.
兽医有时在转移大型动物之前给它们注射镇静剂。
用法提示:tranquilize 是动词原形,用于一般现在时,表示‘给……注射镇静剂使平静’。
及物动词,宾语通常是需要镇定的人或动物。
The farmer tranquilized the injured horse before the vet arrived.
兽医赶到之前,农场主给受伤的马用了镇静剂。
用 with 引出使用的镇静剂或工具。
The team tranquilized the tiger with a dart.
团队用飞镖给老虎注射了镇静剂。
被动形式常用于医疗或动物处理场景。
The patient was tranquilized before the operation.
病人在手术前被用了镇静剂。
宾语也可以是情绪、恐惧等抽象名词,表示安抚。
Her gentle voice tranquilized the child's fears.
她温柔的声音抚慰了孩子的恐惧。
grammar · medium
易错句子The vet tranquilized the horse down before the operation.
正确表达The vet tranquilized the horse before the operation.
tranquilize 是及物动词,后面直接跟宾语,不能再加副词性小品词 down。“平静下来”那个短语是 calm down,学习者常把 down 一并套到 tranquilize 上;去掉 down 后句子才符合语法。
grammar · medium
易错句子The nurse gave the patient a tranquilizing before the scan.
正确表达The nurse gave the patient a tranquilizer before the scan.
tranquilizing 是动词的 -ing 形式(也可作定语),属于不可数或需带 of 结构的动名词,不能加不定冠词 a 当可数名词用;表示“镇静剂”这种药物的名词是 tranquilizer,所以这里要换成 a tranquilizer。
grammar · medium
易错句子The vet tranquilized the bear by a dart gun.
正确表达The vet tranquilized the bear with a dart gun.
表示“用某种具体工具”时,工具名词前要用介词 with;by 通常接抽象手段或动名词(如 by injection)。受汉语“用麻醉枪”的影响容易写成 by a dart gun,改用 with 才正确。
tranquil 是形容词,说明事物本身处于宁静状态,作定语或表语(a tranquil lake、the scene is tranquil);tranquilizing 是动词现在分词,表示“使……平静”的动作,或作定语修饰起镇静作用的东西(a tranquilizing drug)。要表达“本身平静”用 tranquil,表达“正在使……平静、起镇静作用”用 tranquilizing。
两者都可作定语修饰让人放松的事物,但 calming 更口语、更宽泛,多指声音、音乐、颜色、氛围令人放松(a calming voice、calming music);tranquilizing 明显偏向医学语境,强调用药物使人或动物镇静(a tranquilizing injection)。谈药物、麻醉时用 tranquilizing,谈环境氛围时用 calming 更自然。
sedating 侧重药物带来的嗜睡、昏沉效果(a sedating antihistamine),重点在“让人想睡”;tranquilizing 侧重消除焦虑、使情绪安定,不一定引起困倦。不过两者同属医学语境、都指药物作用时界限较模糊,常可互换;若强调困倦副作用,用 sedating 更准确。
tranquil (base)
tranquil + -ity
tranquil + -ize
tranquilize + -er
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