Word · Frequency #4815
surplus
多余的；过剩的；剩余的
核心释义
more than is needed; extra
- 1.
属于或构成剩余的；超过所需的。
Being or constituting a surplus; more than sufficient.
- 2.
超过需要、想要或要求的
more than is needed, desired, or required
属于或构成剩余的；超过所需的。；超过需要、想要或要求的；过剩的；剩余的
用法In use
The bakery gives its surplus bread to a local charity every evening.
用法提示：surplus 在此作形容词，修饰 bread，表示面包是多余的、卖不完的。
We sold our surplus furniture before moving to a smaller apartment.
用法提示：surplus 作形容词修饰 furniture，表示这些家具是多余的、不再需要的。
She put the surplus clothes in a box for donation.
用法提示：surplus 在此作形容词，说明衣服是多余的、不穿的。
surplus cheese distributed to the needy
surplus + noun
The factory sold its surplus goods at a discount.
工厂以折扣价出售了过剩的商品。
be + surplus
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- surplus food
- 多余的食物；剩余食品
- The organization distributes surplus food to homeless shelters.该组织将多余的食物分发给无家可归者收容所。
- surplus population
- 过剩人口
- Some economists worry about a growing surplus population in urban areas.一些经济学家担心城市地区过剩人口日益增加。
- surplus value
- 剩余价值
- The concept of surplus value is central to Marx's economic theory.剩余价值的概念是马克思经济理论的核心。
- surplus stock
- 剩余库存；多余存货
- The store is selling its surplus stock at a discount.这家商店正在打折出售剩余库存。
- surplus equipment
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
sur+plus：听成“sir”再加“plus(多)”，多出来的部分就是surplus(剩余)。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域：formal 常见场景：business/financial reports、news articles about budgets or commodities、official documents surplus 作形容词表示“多余的、过剩的”，比较常见于书面语、商业、新闻或正式场合；日常口语中较少用，更常说 extra 或 leftover。属于偏正式的表达。
语法说明Grammar Note
通常置于名词前作定语，或与to连用表示'对...而言多余'。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
Surplus /ˈsɝpləs/ has no common perfect rhyme. Purpose /ˈpɝpəs/ and circus /ˈsɝkəs/ are near rhymes: they match the stressed /ɝ/ and final /əs/ but lack the /l/ of /pləs/. Campus /ˈkæmpəs/ shares the weak final /əs/ but has a different stressed vowel /æ/. Beware the spelling lookalike plus /plʌs/, whose vowel is /ʌ/, not /ə/.
用法优先级Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 3，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.