the summoning of sb/sth
定冠词 the 后接 summoning，再用 of 引出被召唤或传唤的对象，是常见的名词结构。
The summoning of the witnesses delayed the trial.
对证人的传唤延误了审判。
召唤
召唤；传唤
召唤；传唤
The act by which somebody is summoned.
The summoning of witnesses took longer than expected.
传唤证人的过程比预期耗时更长。
用法提示：此处 summoning 作名词，意为“传唤、召唤的行为”。
Her sudden summoning to the manager's office made her nervous.
她被突然叫到经理办公室，这让她很紧张。
用法提示：summoning 作名词，指被召唤或叫去的这一行为。
The summoning of the council is scheduled for tomorrow morning.
召集议会定于明天上午进行。
用法提示：此处 summoning 作名词，表示召集或召唤的动作。
定冠词 the 后接 summoning，再用 of 引出被召唤或传唤的对象，是常见的名词结构。
The summoning of the witnesses delayed the trial.
对证人的传唤延误了审判。
summoning 可作可数名词，用 a 表示一次召唤或传唤；复数形式为 summonings。
The council ordered a summoning of all local leaders.
议会下令对所有地方领袖进行一次召集。
用 act of 说明 summoning 所指的具体行为，语气比单独使用更正式。
The letter was an act of summoning, not a friendly invitation.
这封信是一次传唤行为，而不是友好的邀请。
grammar · medium
易错句子The summoning for the witness took place at noon.
正确表达The summoning of the witness took place at noon.
summoning 作名词表示“对某人的召唤”时，其逻辑宾语要用介词 of 引出（the summoning of somebody），for 只表示目的或用途，不能用来引出被召唤的对象。
grammar · medium
易错句子Three summoning were held before the harvest.
正确表达Three summonings were held before the harvest.
summoning 是可数名词，表示“多次召唤仪式”时须用复数形式 summonings，谓语也随之用复数 were；汉语名词不标复数，学习者容易漏掉 -s。
grammar · medium
易错句子The villagers held summoning to ask the god for rain.
正确表达The villagers held a summoning to ask the god for rain.
summoning 作可数名词指“一次召唤仪式”时，单数形式前必须加不定冠词 a/an；汉语名词前没有冠词，学习者容易把冠词漏掉。
summons 指法院等发出的具体传票或命令，是可数名词；summoning 指召唤或传唤的行为、过程。法律语境中两者都可出现，但前者是文书，后者是行为。
subpoena 特指要求出庭作证或提交证据的法律文书；summoning 泛指传唤或召唤，不强调证据，也不限于司法场景。
convocation 多指正式团体、宗教或学术会议的召集，也可指会议本身；summoning 更泛指召唤或传唤，不限于团体会议。
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