Word · CEFR B2 · Frequency #2749
strain
拉伤；扭伤
核心释义
To injure a muscle or part of the body by stretching or pulling it too hard.
- 1.
通过拉伸施加力。
To apply a force or forces to by stretching out.
- 2.
因牵拉、拉伸或用力而损伤。
To damage by drawing, stretching, or the exertion of force.
- 3.
以某种方式作用,使其形状或体积改变,如使梁弯曲。
To act upon, in any way, so as to cause change of form or volume, as when bending a beam.
- 4.
尽力或挣扎去做某事,尤指过度使用感官或才能。
To exert or struggle (to do something), especially to stretch (one's senses, faculties etc.) beyond what is normal or comfortable.
- 5.
超出适当限度；在意图或意义上曲解。
To stretch beyond its proper limit; to do violence to, in terms of intent or meaning.
- 6.
用滤器或漏勺将固体与液体分离。
To separate solid from liquid by passing through a strainer or colander.
- 7.
渗透；被过滤。
To percolate; to be filtered.
- 8.
使不安或不自然；费力地做出；强迫；约束。
To make uneasy or unnatural; to produce with apparent effort; to force; to constrain.
- 9.
强求；催促。
To urge with importunity; to press.
- 10.
拥抱某人；紧紧抱住某人。
To hug somebody; to hold somebody tightly.
过滤；滤；竭力；过度使用；拉紧；绷紧；曲解；歪曲；使变形
用法In use
He strained his back while lifting the heavy box.
用法提示：strained是strain的过去式，作动词，表示‘因用力过度而拉伤’。
Try not to strain your eyes when reading in the dark.
用法提示：strain是动词原形，表示‘因过度使用而损伤’。
She strained her ankle while playing basketball.
用法提示：strained是strain的过去式，作动词，表示‘扭伤’。
strain + [body part]
表示因用力过度而拉伤肌肉、韧带等，宾语通常是身体部位。
He strained his back while lifting the heavy box.
他搬那个重箱子时拉伤了背。
strain to do sth
表示竭尽全力做某事，常与 hear、see、reach 等表示感官或动作的动词连用。
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- strain a muscle
- 拉伤肌肉
- He strained a muscle in his back while lifting weights.他举重时拉伤了背部肌肉。
- strain to hear
- 费力地听
- I strained to hear what they were whispering.我费力地听他们在小声说什么。
- strain your eyes
- 使劲看；用眼过度
- Don't strain your eyes reading in the dim light.不要在昏暗的光线下看书，以免眼睛过度疲劳。
- strain the soup
- 把汤过滤
- Strain the soup before serving.上汤前先把汤过滤一下。
- strain every nerve
- 竭尽全力
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
联想记忆：strain 里有 train（火车）——火车头用力拉，拉过头就拉伤；又把汤倒进滤网过滤。一个词记住“拉/伤/滤”。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域：mixed 常见场景：sports injury and physical strain、cooking and filtering、formal writing about relationships and effort strain 的语域随义项和搭配变化：表示“拉伤/扭伤”或“过滤”时通常为中性，日常口语和书面语都常见；表示“竭力”“曲解”“关系紧张”等抽象义时多用于正式或书面语境。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
真正押韵（/eɪn/）：train、brain、plain、grain、stain、chain 都与 strain 的 /eɪn/ 重合。注意形似但读音不同的词：certain（/ˈsɜːrtən/）、mountain（/ˈmaʊntən/）、Britain（/ˈbrɪtən/）、captain（/ˈkæptɪn/），它们的 -ain 不重读，不押韵。
高价值词汇High-value vocabulary
该词属于 Oxford 核心词汇，值得优先掌握常见搭配和句型。
用法优先级Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 3，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
Dictionary facts from DICTIONARY_API_DEV, ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.