Word · CEFR B1 · Frequency #4282
spoil
弄坏；毁掉
to ruin or damage something
- 1.
To ruin; to damage in such a way as to make undesirable or unusable.
毁坏；损坏至不理想或无法使用。
- 2.
To ruin the character of, by overindulgence; to coddle or pamper to excess.
因过度纵容而毁掉性格；过分溺爱。
- 3.
To go bad; to become sour or rancid; to decay.
变质；变酸或变馊；腐烂。
- 4.
To render (a ballot) invalid by deliberately defacing.
故意涂改使(选票)无效。
- 5.
To prematurely reveal major events or the ending of (a story etc.); to ruin (a surprise) by exposing ahead of time as a spoiler.
提前泄露(故事等的)主要情节或结局；破坏(惊喜)。
- 6.
To reduce the lift generated by an airplane or wing by deflecting air upwards, usually with a spoiler.
通过扰流板使气流向上偏转以减少(飞机或机翼的)升力。
- 7.
To be very eager (for something).
迫切渴望(某物)。
变质；坏掉；宠坏；溺爱；剧透；提前透露；涂坏（选票）使无效；减小（机翼）升力
In use
The sudden rain spoiled our picnic in the park.
Please don't let one small mistake spoil your trip.
The loud argument spoiled the atmosphere of the whole dinner.
spoil sth
The rain spoiled our picnic.
这场雨破坏了我们的野餐。
spoil sb
They spoil their grandchildren too much.
他们太溺爱孙辈了。
sth spoils
通常用于食物。
The milk spoiled after three days.
牛奶三天后变质了。
Connections
Collocations
- spoil the fun
- 破坏乐趣
- His bad mood spoiled the fun for everyone.他的坏心情破坏了大家的乐趣。
- spoil a child
- 溺爱孩子
- Grandparents often spoil their grandchildren.祖父母经常溺爱他们的孙辈。
- spoil food
- 使食物变质
- Milk will spoil if left out of the fridge.牛奶如果放在冰箱外会变质。
- spoil the view
- 破坏景色
- The new building spoils the view of the mountains.新建筑破坏了山脉的景色。
- spoil someone's appetite
- 影响某人的食欲
- Don't eat sweets now; it will spoil your appetite for dinner.现在别吃甜食，会影响你吃晚饭的食欲。
- spoil the surprise
Learner notes
Memory Tip
记忆技巧：“spoil”发音类似“死破油”，想象油变质坏了。
Context & Register
neutral
Grammar Note
及物时意为破坏/溺爱；不及物时意为变质。
Pronunciation & Spelling
These words share the spelling chunk 'oil', but note that 'spoil' is pronounced /spɒil/ with the vowel /ɒ/, while the listed words have the diphthong /ɔɪl/, so they do not fully rhyme.
High-value vocabulary
该词属于 Oxford 核心词汇，值得优先掌握常见搭配和句型。
Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 2，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.