Word · CEFR A2 · Frequency #5346
ruin
毁坏;损坏
核心释义
To destroy or damage something so badly that it no longer works or is no longer usable.
- 1.
导致财政破产;使破产或倒闭
To cause the fiscal ruin of; to bankrupt or drive out of business.
- 2.
破坏或使某物不再可用或可操作
To destroy or render something no longer usable or operable.
- 3.
摧毁(如城市)以留下废墟
To destroy (e.g. a city) so as to leave ruins.
- 4.
打乱或推翻计划或进展,或对某事产生灾难性影响
To upset or overturn the plans or progress of, or to have a disastrous effect on something.
- 5.
使某事物不再令人愉快或可爱
To make something less enjoyable or likeable.
- 6.
使某人经历不完整的高潮
To make (someone) have a ruined orgasm.
- 7.
揭示(故事)的结局;剧透
To reveal the ending of (a story); to spoil.
毁掉;葬送;使前功尽弃;破坏;糟蹋;使扫兴;剧透;透露(结局);使破产;使倒闭;使沦为废墟;夷平
用法In use
The heavy rain ruined our picnic plans.
用法提示:ruin 表示破坏,本句中指破坏计划
She ruined her dress by spilling coffee on it.
用法提示:ruin 表示损坏,本句中指损坏衣物
The scandal ruined his reputation completely.
用法提示:ruin 表示毁灭,本句中指摧毁名誉
ruin sth
及物用法,宾语通常是计划、活动或事物,表示使其无法实现或失去价值。
The sudden storm ruined our plans for the weekend.
突如其来的暴风雨毁了我们的周末计划。
ruin sth for sb
表示因透露或干扰而毁掉某人本可享受的体验,for 后接受影响的人。
He ruined the surprise for his sister by telling her about the gift.
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- ruin your chances
- 毁掉机会;断送机会
- One mistake can ruin your chances of getting the job.一个错误就可能断送你得到这份工作的机会。
- ruin someone's day
- 毁掉某人的一天;使某人整天心情糟糕
- The bad news ruined her day.这个坏消息毁了她一天的好心情。
- ruin the mood
- 破坏气氛
- Don't let a small argument ruin the mood.别让一场小争吵破坏了气氛。
- ruin your health
- 损害健康
- Smoking can ruin your health.吸烟会损害你的健康。
- ruin a relationship
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
联想:搭好的积木城堡被推倒,只余 ruins(废墟);ruin 即毁灭、糟蹋。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域:mixed 常见场景:everyday conversation、business/financial writing、literary/historical narrative ruin 作动词时,常见于日常口语(如“毁掉/糟蹋”),也用于正式或书面语境(如“使破产/毁灭”),因此整体语气较混合;具体含义需根据搭配判断,通常口语中多指“使扫兴/破坏”,正式场合多指“使破产/摧毁”。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
在标准读音中,ruin 为 /ˈruːɪn/。shoo-in /ˈʃuːɪn/ 与之完全押韵。fluid /ˈfluːɪd/ 很接近,但结尾是 /d/ 而不是 /n/,不算押韵。fruit、suit、build、guide 都含有 ui 拼写,但发音各不相同(/fruːt/、/suːt/、/bɪld/、/ɡaɪd/),都不押韵。
高价值词汇High-value vocabulary
该词属于 Oxford 核心词汇,值得优先掌握常见搭配和句型。
用法优先级Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 3,建议结合例句记忆,而不是只背中文释义。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.