Word · Frequency #13537
nucleotide
核苷酸
a chemical unit consisting of a nucleoside combined with a phosphate group; it is the basic building block of DNA and RNA
- 1.
The monomer constituting DNA or RNA biopolymer molecules. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous heterocyclic base (or nucleobase), which can be either a double-ringed purine or a single-ringed pyrimidine; a five-carbon pentose sugar (deoxyribose in DNA or ribose in RNA); and a phosphate group.
构成DNA或RNA生物聚合物分子的单体。每个核苷酸由含氮杂环碱基(或核碱基)、五碳糖(DNA中为脱氧核糖,RNA中为核糖)和磷酸基团组成；碱基可为双环嘌呤或单环嘧啶。
- 2.
a phosphoric ester of a nucleoside; the basic structural unit of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA)
核苷的磷酸酯；核酸(DNA或RNA)的基本结构单位
构成DNA或RNA生物聚合物分子的单体。每个核苷酸由含氮杂环碱基(或核碱基)、五碳糖(DNA中为脱氧核糖,RNA中为核糖)和磷酸基团组成；碱基可为双环嘌呤或单环嘧啶。；核苷的磷酸酯；核酸(DNA或RNA)的基本结构单位；核苷酸；[化] 核苷酸
In use
Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar, and a base.
Scientists compare the order of nucleotides to identify genetic differences.
A mutation can change a single nucleotide in a gene.
a [modifier] nucleotide
nucleotide 是可数名词，单数前常用冠词 a。
A nucleotide consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a base.
核苷酸由一个糖、一个磷酸和一个碱基组成。
nucleotides + [plural verb]
复数形式 nucleotides 用于泛指或表示多个核苷酸。
Nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA and RNA.
核苷酸是 DNA 和 RNA 的构建单元。
nucleotide [noun]
nucleotide 作定语修饰名词时用单数形式。
Connections
Collocations
- nucleotide sequence
- 核苷酸序列
- The nucleotide sequence of the sample was compared with a reference genome.将该样本的核苷酸序列与参考基因组进行了比较。
- nucleotide base
- 核苷酸碱基
- DNA contains four different nucleotide bases: adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine.DNA含有四种不同的核苷酸碱基：腺嘌呤、胸腺嘧啶、胞嘧啶和鸟嘌呤。
- single nucleotide polymorphism
- 单核苷酸多态性
- The researchers identified a single nucleotide polymorphism linked to the disease.研究人员发现了一个与该疾病相关的单核苷酸多态性。
- nucleotide substitution
- 核苷酸替换
- A single nucleotide substitution can change the amino acid produced by a gene.单个核苷酸替换可以改变基因产生的氨基酸。
- nucleotide metabolism
- 核苷酸代谢
- Errors in nucleotide metabolism can cause various genetic disorders.
Learner notes
Memory Tip
联想：nucleo-（核，同 nucleus）+ -tide（音似 tide 潮汐）——想象细胞核里潮水般串起的核苷酸，构成 DNA/RNA 链。
Context & Register
语域：formal 常见场景：学术写作、教科书、专业报告 这是一个专业科学术语，多用于生物化学、分子生物学等学术或专业场合，如论文和教材；日常对话中较少使用。
Pronunciation & Spelling
这些词都以 /aɪd/ 结尾，与 nucleotide 的最后一个音节 /taɪd/ 押韵，其中 tide 和 peptide 拼写和读音最接近。注意：nucleic (/nuːˈkliːɪk/) 和 nucleus (/ˈnuːkliəs/) 虽与 nucleotide 开头相似，但读音并不押韵。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.