Word · Frequency #21412
hardening
硬化;固化
the process of becoming hard or solid, for example by cooling, drying, or crystallization
- 1.
The process by which something hardens.
某物变硬的过程。
- 2.
Something which hardens.
使变硬的东西。
加硬;加固;强化;(组织)硬化;硬化症;某物变硬的过程。;使变硬的东西。;硬化
In use
The hardening of the cement takes about a day in summer.
Scientists studied the hardening of the resin under different temperatures.
The hardening of the frosting made it perfect for decorating the cake.
the hardening of + [noun]
常用来表示物质变硬或变坚固的过程;在工业语境中可译作“淬火”。
The hardening of steel requires heating and rapid cooling.
钢的淬火需要加热和快速冷却。
hardening of the + [body part]
医学上指组织异常变硬,具体部位前需用定冠词 the。
Hardening of the arteries increases the risk of stroke.
动脉硬化会增加中风的风险。
undergo + hardening
undergo 后接表示过程的名词,强调经历某种变化。
Connections
Collocations
- hardening of the arteries
- 动脉硬化
- A diet high in saturated fat can lead to hardening of the arteries.高饱和脂肪的饮食可能导致动脉硬化。
- hardening of attitudes
- 态度变得强硬;态度固化
- There has been a hardening of attitudes toward immigration in recent years.近年来,对移民的态度变得强硬起来。
- work hardening
- 加工硬化(金属因冷加工而变硬)
- Work hardening makes the metal stronger but more brittle.加工硬化使金属更强,但也更脆。
- hardening process
- 硬化过程;凝固过程
- The hardening process of the concrete takes about a week.混凝土的硬化过程大约需要一周。
- case hardening
- 表面硬化;渗碳硬化(金属)
- Case hardening gives the steel a tough outer layer.表面硬化使钢具有坚韧的外层。
Learner notes
Memory Tip
联想 hard(硬)+ en(使…)+ ing(过程):铁器淬火后逐渐变硬,hardening 就是‘硬化’的过程。
Context & Register
语域:formal 常见场景:pathology、materials science、general 该词作名词时多用于正式或技术语境:医学中指组织硬化,材料科学中指变硬或淬火过程,日常生活中较少使用。具体含义需根据语境判断,通常搭配介词of或定语使用。
Grammar Note
作“硬化过程/行为”解时通常不可数;复数 hardenings 多用于指具体的硬化类型或现象。
Pronunciation & Spelling
与 hardening 完全押韵的是 gardening /ˈɡɑːdənɪŋ/(重读元音和后面音节相同)。其余词拼写上都带 -ening,但重读元音或辅音不同,并不押韵:listening /ˈlɪsənɪŋ/、opening /ˈəʊpənɪŋ/、threatening /ˈθretənɪŋ/、strengthening /ˈstreŋθənɪŋ/、fastening /ˈfɑːsənɪŋ/。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.