Word · Frequency #11643
germ
病菌；病原体
核心释义
A microorganism that causes disease; a pathogen, especially a bacterium or virus.
- 1.
新生物体发育的小细胞团；种子、芽、孢子或合子
The small mass of cells from which a new organism develops; a seed, bud, spore, or zygote.
- 2.
为后续工作提供灵感的事物
anything that provides inspiration for later work
- 3.
病原体:如细菌或病毒的致病微生物
A pathogen: a pathogenic microorganism, such as a bacterium or virus.
- 4.
一种小而简单的结构(如受精卵),可以发展成完整的生物体
a small apparently simple structure (as a fertilized egg) from which new tissue can develop into a complete organism
- 5.
想法或项目的起源或最初版本
The origin or earliest version of an idea or project.
- 6.
微小的生命形式(尤其是致病细菌)；该术语不用于专业领域
a minute life form (especially a disease-causing bacterium); the term is not in technical use
- 7.
包含在开放邻域中定义的特定函数的等价类
An equivalence class that includes a specified function defined in an open neighborhood.
萌芽；起源；雏形；胚芽；种子；受精卵；函数芽；新生物体发育的小细胞团；种子、芽、孢子或合子；为后续工作提供灵感的事物
用法In use
The idea for the novel was just a germ in the author's mind before it grew into a full story.
用法提示：此处'germ'意为'为后续工作提供灵感的事物'，用作可数名词单数。
Each seed contains the germ of a new plant, waiting for the right conditions to grow.
用法提示：此处'germ'指'可以发展成完整生物体的简单结构'，如种子中的胚。
Washing your hands regularly helps to remove harmful germs and prevent illness.
用法提示：此处'germs'是复数形式，意为'致病微生物（尤其是细菌）'。
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- germ of an idea
- 想法的萌芽；构思的雏形
- That chance meeting was the germ of an idea for a new business.那次偶然的会面是创办新企业的想法的萌芽。
- spread germs
- 传播病菌
- Cover your mouth when you cough so you don't spread germs.咳嗽时捂住嘴，以免传播病菌。
- kill germs
- 杀灭病菌；杀菌
- The disinfectant spray kills germs on surfaces.这种消毒喷雾能杀灭物体表面的病菌。
- germ warfare
- 细菌战
- Many countries have signed treaties banning germ warfare.许多国家签署了禁止细菌战的条约。
- wheat germ
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
想象germ既指让你生病的“病菌”，又指能长成生命的“胚芽”，同一个词，一坏一好，记住都是微小的源头。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域：mixed 常见场景：everyday health conversations、formal written English germ 一词有多个含义，语气和场合因义项而异。日常口语中常指“病菌”，多用于谈论生病、卫生等，比较随意，专业医学领域通常不用；书面语中还可表示“起源、萌芽”（如 the germ of an idea），比较正式。请根据语境判断具体含义和表达的语气。
语法说明Grammar Note
日常用语中指细菌或微生物，专业领域不用于指致病细菌。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
与 germ /dʒɜːrm/ 同韵的词有 term、firm、worm、squirm、perm（标准美式读音中均含 /ɜːrm/）。注意 gem /dʒɛm/ 拼写相似但元音不同，不押韵。
用法优先级Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 1，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
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Dictionary facts from DICTIONARY_API_DEV, ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.