fouled

grammar · medium

易错句子The weather was fouled all weekend, so we stayed indoors.

正确表达The weather was foul all weekend, so we stayed indoors.

foul 本身是形容词，表示“恶劣的、糟糕的”，可以直接描述 weather、mood 这类情况；fouled 是动词 foul 的过去分词式形容词，只表示“被弄脏的、被缠住的”，不能用来描述天气。

grammar · medium

易错句子The propeller has fouled by plastic bags.

正确表达The propeller has been fouled by plastic bags.

这里要表达“被塑料袋缠住”，是被动语态“has been + 过去分词”；汉语没有动词形式变化，学习者容易漏掉 been，把 fouled 误当成主动谓语。

grammar · medium

易错句子The engine was fouled up by mud and stopped.

正确表达The engine was fouled by mud and stopped.

foul up 是动词短语，意思是“把……搞砸、弄糟”，不能表示“被堵住、被缠住”；表示机器被泥沙堵塞、被缠住时，用动词 foul 的被动式 be fouled，不加 up。