Word · CEFR B2 · Frequency #6849
foul
犯规；对...犯规
To commit a foul, especially by illegally contacting an opponent in a sport.
体育比赛
- 1.
To make dirty.
弄脏
- 2.
To besmirch.
玷污
- 3.
hit a foul ball
击出界外球
- 4.
To obstruct, block, or otherwise interfere with (something), for example by clogging (a drain, gun barrel, chimney, etc) or by being in the way of (a gunshot, etc).
阻碍、堵塞或以其他方式干扰(某物),例如通过堵塞(排水管、枪管、烟囱等)或挡住(枪击等)
- 5.
make impure
使不纯
- 6.
To entangle.
缠绕
- 7.
To make make a play, such as a strong contact with an opposing player in order to gain advantage, that is deemed by the referee to have contravened the rules.
做出被裁判认为违反规则的动作,如与对方球员的强烈接触以获得优势
- 8.
To commit a foul.
犯规
- 9.
To hit outside of the baselines.
击球出界
- 10.
To hit a ball outside of the baselines.
将球击出界线外
- 11.
To become clogged.
堵塞
- 12.
To become entangled.
纠缠在一起
- 13.
To come into contact or collide with.
接触或碰撞
弄脏；污染；玷污；击出界外球；打出界外球；堵塞；阻塞；使堵塞；缠住；缠绕；使纠缠；弄脏
In use
The defender fouled the forward during the last minute.
If you foul another player, the referee will blow the whistle.
He was penalized for fouling the opposing player.
Verb forms
base foul · third person fouls · -ing fouling · past fouled · past participle fouled
foul 作为动词，意为‘犯规’，规则变化。
Connections
Collocations
- foul the air
- 污染空气
- The factory fumes fouled the air over the town.工厂的废气污染了城镇上方的空气。
- foul a drain
- 堵塞排水管
- Leaves fouled the drain, causing water to back up.树叶堵塞了排水管，导致水倒流。
- foul an opponent
- 对对手犯规
- He was sent off for fouling an opponent in the box.他因在禁区内对对手犯规而被罚下。
- foul the propeller
- 缠住螺旋桨
- Fishing nets fouled the propeller, stopping the boat.渔网缠住了螺旋桨，使船停了下来。
Idioms & figurative uses
- foul up
- 搞糟；弄乱The bad weather fouled up our travel plans.坏天气打乱了我们的出行计划。
Learner notes
Memory Tip
记 foul 音似‘发呕’：想象球员犯规倒地，满身泥污弄脏球衣，臭味让人发呕。
Context & Register
语域：mixed 常见场景：体育比赛、日常生活、书面/正式语境 foul 作动词时，体育比赛中“犯规、击出界外球”和日常“弄脏、堵塞”都比较常见；正式或文学性的“玷污、污染”多用于书面表达。实际使用时通常要根据搭配和语境来选择合适的意思。
Grammar Note
常用于体育比赛中表示犯规
Pronunciation & Spelling
这些词都与 foul /faʊl/ 押韵，韵尾为 /aʊl/：owl、howl、growl、scowl、prowl、jowl。注意拼写相似的 soul /soʊl/ 与 dull /dʌl/ 发音不同，不押韵；fowl /faʊl/ 与 foul 同音但拼写不同。
Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 2，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from AI_FALLBACK, DICTIONARY_API_DEV, ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.