flummox sb
及物动词，后面直接跟被难住的人，常用于被动语态。
The final question flummoxed even the best students.
最后一道题连最优秀的学生都难住了。
使困惑；使慌乱；使惊愕
flummoxes — third person singular of flummox
使狼狈；使失措；使混乱；挫败
to confuse, fluster, or flabbergast someone
使困惑；使慌乱；使惊愕
To confuse; to fluster; to flabbergast.
一般现在时
This problem flummoxes me every time.
这个问题每次都让我不知所措。
一般过去时
The unexpected question flummoxed the speaker.
这个意想不到的问题让演讲者狼狈不堪。
现在完成时
She has been flummoxed by the complex instructions.
她被复杂的说明搞得晕头转向。
规则动词，过去式和过去分词加-ed。
The complex instructions flummoxed most of the students during the exam.
复杂的指示使大多数学生在考试中不知所措。
用法提示：flummoxed 是 flummox 的过去式，表示“使困惑，使慌乱”
I was completely flummoxed by the unexpected question.
我被这个意想不到的问题完全弄糊涂了。
用法提示：flummoxed 作为过去分词，表示“感到困惑”的状态
His rapid-fire questions flummoxed the speaker into silence.
他连珠炮似的问题让演讲者困惑得说不出话来。
用法提示：flummoxed 是 flummox 的过去式，表示“使……困惑”且导致某种结果
及物动词，后面直接跟被难住的人，常用于被动语态。
The final question flummoxed even the best students.
最后一道题连最优秀的学生都难住了。
被动结构，by 后接造成困惑的原因，口语中很常见。
She was flummoxed by his sudden change of plan.
他计划的突然改变让她不知所措。
用 with 引出使人困惑的手段或话题。
He flummoxed the interviewer with a question about the budget.
他提了一个关于预算的问题，让面试官一时语塞。
leave 后接宾语加 flummoxed 作补语，强调困惑的状态持续下去。
The instructions left everyone flummoxed.
这些说明让所有人都摸不着头脑。
grammar · medium
易错句子I always feel flummoxing when the teacher calls on me.
正确表达I always feel flummoxed when the teacher calls on me.
flummoxing 是现在分词，作形容词时表示“令人困惑的”，主语通常是引起困惑的事物；flummoxed 是过去分词，表示“（人）感到困惑的”。汉语“我感到困惑”不区分“令人……”和“感到……”，学习者容易用 -ing 形式描述人的感受。
grammar · medium
易错句子She flummoxed when she saw the final question.
正确表达She was flummoxed when she saw the final question.
flummox 是及物动词，意为“使（某人）困惑”，必须带宾语；当主语是人、表示“感到困惑”时，要用被动结构 be flummoxed。汉语“她困惑了”没有被动形式，学习者容易漏掉 be。
grammar · medium
易错句子The new rules were a complete flummox to us.
正确表达The new rules completely flummoxed us.
flummox 只作动词，不能像 surprise 那样兼作名词；表示“某事物使某人困惑”时，应直接用动词 flummox 带宾语，而不是说 a flummox。
confuse 泛指让人弄不明白，是最中性、最常用的词；flummox 语气更重、更口语，强调被难住后一时不知所措、当场卡壳，而不只是没听明白。
fluster 侧重因紧张、仓促或当众被追问而手忙脚乱、说话失序；flummox 侧重被问题或情况难住、一时不知如何应对，不一定伴随紧张情绪。
baffle 多用于问题、现象难以解释，让人彻底想不通，常与谜团、症状、科学难题搭配；flummox 更多用于人被突发情况弄得不知所措，口语色彩更强，且偏一次性反应。
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