Word · CEFR B1 · Frequency #846
duty
责任；义务
核心释义
a responsibility or obligation that makes you do what is morally or legally right
- 1.
道德或法律上应尽的责任
That which one is morally or legally obligated to do.
- 2.
义务
the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force; ; - John D.Rockefeller Jr
- 3.
在工作岗位上负责或执行某项任务的状态
The state of being at work and responsible for or doing a particular task.
- 4.
职责
work that you are obliged to perform for moral or legal reasons
- 5.
消费税；尤指进出口关税
An excise tax; especially, one on imports or exports.
- 6.
关税
a government tax on imports or exports
- 7.
发动机每单位燃料所做功的效率；尤指蒸汽泵机燃烧一蒲式耳或一英担煤将水提升一英尺的磅数
The efficiency of an engine in work done per unit of fuel; particularly, the number of pounds of water which a steam pumping engine can raise one foot by burning one bushel or hundredweight of coal.
道德或法律上应尽的责任；义务；在工作岗位上负责或执行某项任务的状态；职责；消费税；尤指进出口关税
用法In use
It is my duty to help my younger sister with her homework.
用法提示：duty 作名词，意为“责任、义务”，在句中作表语。
The nurse performed her duties with great care.
用法提示：duties 是 duty 的复数形式，表示“职责”，作动词 performed 的宾语。
As a citizen, you have a duty to obey the law.
用法提示：duty 作名词，意为“义务”，在 have a duty to do 结构中表示“有义务做某事”。
we must instill a sense of duty in our children
every right implies a responsibility; every opportunity, an obligation; every possession, a duty
the duties of the job
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- on duty
- 值班
- The security guard is on duty until midnight.保安值班到午夜。
- off duty
- 下班
- What do you usually do when you're off duty?你下班后通常做什么？
- sense of duty
- 责任感
- He was motivated by a strong sense of duty.他受强烈的责任感驱使。
- do one's duty
- 尽责任
- We must do our duty to protect the environment.我们必须尽责任保护环境。
- import duty
- 进口关税
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
联想 'due tea'（到期茶税），记住 duty 有‘关税’和‘责任’的意思。
语境与语域Context & Register
通常用于正式或官方语境，表示道德或法律上的责任；也可指工作职责或海关关税。中性偏正式。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
Words with the same stressed vowel and ending as 'duty' include beauty, booty, fruity, and cutie (though cutie is spelled with -ie). The word city has the same spelling (-ty) but a different vowel sound.
高价值词汇High-value vocabulary
该词属于 Oxford 核心词汇，值得优先掌握常见搭配和句型。
用法优先级Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 4，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
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Dictionary facts from DICTIONARY_API_DEV, ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.