Word · Frequency #17990
coli
大肠杆菌
Escherichia coli; a common bacterium.
通常写作 E. coli。
- 1.
Escherichia coli, a Gram-negative bacterium commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms.
大肠杆菌；一种常见于温血动物下肠道的革兰氏阴性细菌。
大肠杆菌；一种常见于温血动物下肠道的革兰氏阴性细菌。
In use
The lab test found coli in the water sample, so we cannot drink it.
Cooking meat thoroughly can kill coli and prevent food poisoning.
Some types of coli live in the gut and help with digestion.
E. coli + verb
E. coli 是 Escherichia coli 的缩写，表示“大肠杆菌”；作主语时通常视为单数。
E. coli is found in raw meat.
大肠杆菌常见于生肉中。
verb + E. coli
常用动词有 detect、find、contain 等；E. coli 作宾语时不需要加冠词。
The lab detected E. coli in the sample.
实验室在样本中检测出大肠杆菌。
E. coli + noun
E. coli 可作定语修饰名词，表示“大肠杆菌引起的”，如 outbreak、infection。
The E. coli outbreak was traced to a restaurant.
这次大肠杆菌疫情被追溯到一家餐馆。
Common mistakes
The illness was caused by coli.The illness was caused by E. coli.
大肠杆菌的英文名称是 E. coli（Escherichia coli 的缩写），不能只用 coli；必须补上缩写 E.
E. coli are found in polluted water.E. coli is found in polluted water.
E. coli 作为菌种名称是单数名词，谓语动词要用 is，不能用 are.
He got infected from E. coli.He got infected with E. coli.
表示感染某种病原体时，infect 的搭配介词是 with，而不是 from；from 常表示来源.
Connections
Collocations
- E. coli infection
- 大肠杆菌感染
- The patient was diagnosed with an E. coli infection.这名患者被诊断出大肠杆菌感染。
- E. coli outbreak
- 大肠杆菌疫情暴发
- Health officials are investigating an E. coli outbreak linked to lettuce.卫生官员正在调查一起与生菜有关的大肠杆菌疫情暴发。
- E. coli strain
- 大肠杆菌菌株
- This is a particularly dangerous E. coli strain.这是一种特别危险的大肠杆菌菌株。
- E. coli contamination
- 大肠杆菌污染
- The recall was issued after E. coli contamination was found in the milk.在牛奶中发现大肠杆菌污染后，发布了召回令。
- E. coli O157:H7
- 大肠杆菌O157:H7
- The lab confirmed that the hamburger meat contained E. coli O157:H7.实验室确认汉堡肉中含有大肠杆菌O157:H7。
Learner notes
Memory Tip
联想发音像“可赖”：大肠杆菌赖在肠道里不请自来，拼作 c-o-l-i。
Context & Register
语域：formal 常见场景：医学文献、细菌学教材、食品安全报告 coli 是 Escherichia coli（大肠杆菌）的缩略形式，通常用于医学、生物学或食品安全等正式书面语境；日常口语中较少单独使用，更常说 E. coli 或直接说大肠杆菌。
Pronunciation & Spelling
coli 末尾音为 /laɪ/，与 lie /laɪ/、fly /flaɪ/、rely /rɪˈlaɪ/ 中的 /laɪ/ 相同。拼写相似的 broccoli /ˈbrɑːkəli/ 末尾读 /li/，cola /ˈkoʊlə/ 末尾读 /lə/，solo /ˈsoʊloʊ/ 末尾读 /loʊ/，它们都不读 /laɪ/，注意区分。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.