Word
chastening
惩戒；教训
核心释义
to discipline or correct someone through punishment or suffering
抑制；压制
用法In use
The teacher spent the whole morning chastening the students who had not handed in their homework.
用法提示：chastening 在此为动词现在分词，跟在 spent 后表示“惩戒、管教”。
The unexpected defeat chastened the young player, who started training at six every morning.
用法提示：chastened 是 chasten 的过去式，表示“使……受到惩戒、教训”。
She believed in chastening herself with extra practice after each careless mistake.
用法提示：chastening 是动名词，作介词 in 的宾语，表示“惩戒、管教（自己）”。
chasten sb for sth
表示因某事而惩戒或严厉批评某人，for 后接受惩戒的原因。
The coach chastened the players for their careless passing.
教练因球员传球马虎而惩戒了他们。
be chastened by sth
被动结构常用 by 引出使人受教训的事物，强调因经历某事而收敛、改进。
She was chastened by the failure and prepared far more carefully next time.
她因这次失败受到教训，下次准备得谨慎得多。
chastening sb/sth (as subject)
动名词形式作主语，指“惩戒”这一行为本身，语气较书面。
Chastening a child in front of others can damage their confidence.
在别人面前惩戒孩子会伤害他们的自信心。
Verb forms
base chasten · third person chastens · -ing chastening · past chastened · past participle chastened
规则动词；过去式与过去分词均为 chastened。
常见错误Common mistakes
易错句子He chastened by the defeat.正确表达He was chastened by the defeat.
chasten 是及物动词，被动语态必须用 be + 过去分词；主语 he 是受事者，所以需要 was。中文“他因失败受到惩戒”没有系动词，容易漏掉 was。
易错句子She chastened him about his rude behavior.正确表达She chastened him for his rude behavior.
表示“因某事而惩戒某人”时，chasten 后接介词 for，不用 about；for 引出受惩戒的原因。中文“因为……而管教”容易直译成 about。
易错句子She chastening the child yesterday.正确表达She chastened the child yesterday.
现在分词 chastening 不能单独作谓语；一般过去时需要过去式 chastened。中文动词没有时态形态变化，容易把 -ing 形式误用作谓语。
相关词与表达Connections
易混词Confusing words
- chastising
- 严厉批评；训斥；惩罚 · chastise 侧重公开、严厉地责骂或惩罚某人，常带愤怒语气，对象多为人；chasten 强调惩戒带来的矫正与磨砺作用，指使人悔改、收敛或变得谦逊，常用被动 be chastened by，语气偏道德层面。
- punishing
- 惩罚；处罚 · punish 是通用词，指因过错施加处罚，轻重不限，不含“使人变好”的意味；chasten 则强调惩戒的矫正和磨砺效果，常指受挫后变得谦逊克制。
- castigating
- 严厉谴责；痛斥 · castigate 几乎只指言辞上的猛烈抨击，多见于书面语和正式评论，不含体罚义；chasten 除责罚外，还可指经历挫折后使人收敛、谦逊，可用于被动结构。
词族Word family
- chasten
- 惩戒；使改正 · v
学习提示Learner notes
一起学习词形Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from AI_FALLBACK, ECDICT, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.